1784 BUTTERFLIES BEYOND NEW ENGLAND. 



leaving but a light point in centre of each ; color yellow green. Duration of this 

 stage from three to sis days, according to the temperature. 



Caterpillar. First staye. Head subpyriform, one-half broader than succeeding seg- 

 ment, broader than high, flattened frontally, and with a slight angular depression at 

 summit; on each vertex a straight, round, divergent horn, thick at base, pointed at 

 top; the horn when magnified is seen to be in three sections, each smaller than the one 

 below it, giving out at the end one or two bristles; color of head and horns blackish 

 brown. Body cylindrical, a little thickest in middle, tapering slightly both ways from 

 fourth abdominal segment, and ending in two divergent tails, each of which is thick at 

 base and round, tapers to a blunt point, which emits a white bristle; color of body 

 white; over the surface scattering white hairs. In a few days, and during this stage, 

 the color changes to whitish green, and stripes appear, green and white alternating 

 from dorsum to feet. Length, 3 mm. Duration of this stage in August six days, in 

 October nine, in April six. 



Second staye. Head subpyriform, truncated, higher and narrower in proportion than 

 before, the horns longer, more tapering, less divergent, slightly curved forward, about 

 as long as the face ; the space between them not angular, but concave ; color of head 

 and horns brown, pale on front face, and green tinted; from base of each horn a dark 

 stripe passes down the side of the face, and there is a second such stripe in front. 

 Body nearly the same shape as before, somewhat thicker in middle, the dorsum more 

 arched ; the tails longer, more slender, and brown tipped ; each segment five times 

 creased, and on the ridges so caused a row of white tubercles, irregular, conical, each 

 with a short white hair; color dark green, marked longitudinally by white; on mid- 

 dorsum a clear green stripe, and the ground on either side of it is whitish, owing to the 

 numerous tubercles there; on the verge of the dorsal area a white stripe, another along 

 base of body, and between these, on side, are two contiguous white lines; under side 

 bluish green; feet and legs green. Length, 4.G mm. Duration of this stage, in 

 August five days, in October ten, in May seven. 



Third stage. Head nearly as at second stage, the horns more divergent; color of 

 front face deep green, the back of head dull green, the stripes and horns reddish brown. 

 Body of nearly the same shape, the tails longer ; color pale green, the stripes as before. 

 Length, 8.6 mm. Duration of this stage, in August five days, in May eight. 



Fourth stage. In autumn : same shape ; color soiled white, greenish on dorsum 

 next head ; tlie dorsal stripe dark, the subdorsal and basal brown. Length, U mm. 



At four days from the moult: color now drab on dorsum, the median and subdor- 

 sal stripes darker; sides red-brown, the two lines bufi"; basal stripe yellow bull'; 

 under this a broad black-brown stripe the length of the body; tails drab, reddening at 

 tips. Length, 18.3 mm. 



Last stage. Head subpyriform, truncated,- on each vertex a long, conical, pointed 

 horn, but little divergent, the space between the two at base concave; color drab, 

 both back and face ; horns drab behind, black-brown in front and between; a broad 

 black-brown stripe down the front face, and a narrow one on side from base of horn. 

 Body slender, the dorsum slightly arched ; ending in two long, conical, sharp-pointec? 

 tails, which meet at base; the whole surface finely and sharply tuberculated, most of 

 the tubercles giving out a short white hair; color buff and reddish gray in bands and 

 stripes ; a narrow gray mid-dorsal stripe, then a broad butt" band to verge of dorsal 

 area, and edged by a reddish line ; next a broad gray lateral band, with a narrow buff 

 stripe below; the basal stripe yellow-bufif; beneath this a partly obsolete blackish 

 band; tails drab, red at tips; feet and legs brown. Length, 24.4mm. In August, ten 

 days from thii'd moult to chrysalis. 



The same in May, from eggs laid in April. Head sordid greenish white, front and 

 back, the stripes brown, horns red-brown ; color of body light yellow-green, the dorsal 

 stripe darker, the subdorsal and lateral lines and basal stripe yellow; tails pink- 

 tipped. From third moult to pupation five and six days. All the larvae, ten in number, 

 of this April and May brood were green. 

 Chrysalis. Cylindrical, abdomen conical; head case scarcely produced beyond 



