NYMPHALIDAE : SATYRINAE. 1787 



ami distinct yellow areola, bounded by a narrow, brownish fuliginous annulus which 

 just reaches the nervules or in the lower subcostal interspace is crowded against them 

 so as to make the whole spot short oval in a longitudinal direction; the other spots, 

 at least at their best, are always pupiled, and slightly larger than the spots of the fore 

 wing, though rarely much more distinct; they are usually found in all the interspaces 

 from the upper subcostal to the medio-snbmedian inclusive, in the latter occupying 

 the upper half of the interspace. Expanse of wings, 31-37 mm. 



The following descriptions of the early stages are by Edwards, the phraseology and 

 arrangement only altered to bring it into harmony with others in the present work. 



Egg. Shape nearly that of a semi-ovoid, the base being flattened and the sides at 

 base rounded, the surface under a low power smooth, but under a higher seen to be 

 covered with shallow, thimble-like depressions; color greenish white. Laid July 16th, 

 on grass, the female being confined in a bag over a tuft of grass set in a flower pot. 

 Hatched July 20th. 



Caterpillar. First stage. Head much larger than second segment, rounded, bilobed, 

 rather bro.ider than long, the vertices without processes, pilose, shining black. Shape 

 of body cylindrical, but marked by five or six longitudinal tuberculated ridges; each 

 tubercle sending out a clubbed white hair, some of wliich are curved forward, others 

 back; color white. Length, 2.3 mm. Duration of this stage six days. 



Second stage. Head considerably broader than first thoracic segment, rounded, a 

 little depressed at top, angular at the sides Ijelow ; color green, darker than body, 

 much covered with fine, white, pubescent tubercles; ocelli and mandiljles brown. 

 Sliape of body cylindrical, thickest in the middle, tapering evenly either w.ay, so that the 

 first thoracic segment is of about same breadth as the eighth abdominal; tail forked; 

 color light green ; covered with fine white tubercles, arranged in longitudinal rows, not 

 quite regularly, each tubercle sending out a white hair; the space between the two 

 dorsal rows is rather broader than between the rows elsewhere, presenting a clear green 

 mediodorsal stripe ; and at extreme edge of dorsum is also a green stripe, but narrower ; 

 legs, prolegs and under side green. Length, 5 ram. To moult seven days. 



Tliinl stage. Head no broader than the succeeding segment, yellow -green, shaped 

 and marked as before. Shape of body as before, and similarly marked, the tubercles 

 of unequal size : the largest arranged in the longitudinal rows, but many small ones 

 placed on the ridges caused by the creasing of the several segments; color blue-green. 

 Length, 9 mm. To next moult six days. 



Fourth stage. Head emerald green, shaped as before. Body stout, thickest in the 

 middle, rounding somewhat dorsally ; color pale green ; on either side of the darker 

 mediodorsal stripe the row of white tubercles forms quite a broad stripe, another 

 one at edge of dorsum, and another at base, over feet. Length, 10.7 mm. To next 

 moult five days. 



Last stage. Head rounde<l, broader than high, bilobed, and but little depressed at 

 the suture, somewhat flattened frontally, broader than the first, equal to the second 

 thoracic segment; covered with yellow, conical, fine points, arranged in close vertical 

 rows, and at the same time in transverse rows also ; the ocelli black ; mandibles brown. 

 Body cylindrical, obese, thickest in the middle, rounded dorsally, and sloping slightly to 

 the seventh abdominal segment, then rapidly to last segment, which ends in forked, di- 

 vergent tails; color emerald green, much covered with line yellow tubercles placed on 

 the ridges caused by the creasing of the segments, and with larger tubercles disposed in 

 longitudinal rows ; each tubercle giving out a fine and short white hair ; at base of 

 body the stripe is more heavily tuberculated than on dorsum ; on either side of a 

 clear dark green, mediodorsal stripe is a tuberculated stripe, and another at edge 

 of dorsum ; under side, legs and prolegs, nearly same green as above. Length, 19.3 mm. 

 Duration of this stage seven days. 



Chrysalis. Cylindrical, the abdomen stouter than anterior portion ; mesonotum 

 rounded, carinated; the head case truncated, scarcely projecting beyond the mesono- 

 tum, slightly arched at top, narrow, beveled at corners; the wing cases flaring a little 

 on dorsal side, the neuration of wings seen distinctly ; color green, on the abdomen 



