NYMPIIALIDAE : AKGYNNIDI. 1805 



the front part of each segment is black, the rest drab, irregnlarly serrated at the 

 junction. Length, 25.4 mm. ; breadtli, 7.G mm. 



This butterfly occurs in the upper Mississippi Valley from Michigan to 

 Montana, and is said to have also been taken in Colorado. It does not 

 appear to have been found north of our boundary, nor south of latitude 

 40°, and is fond of the open country. 



Its seasons are similar to those of our eastern species of Argynnis, but 

 in one season about ten per cent of the catei-piUars hatched by Mr. 

 Edwards from one batch of eggs, fed and passed one or two, and in one 

 instance three moults, but all of these died before the middle of November. 

 The eggs hatch in twenty-five to thirty days, and in one instance the cater- 

 pillars passed their first moult in the spring, four weeks after having been 

 brought into warmth, and their second in from fourteen to twenty-four 

 days, while the precocious ones of the autumn spent only fi-om five to seven 

 days in their second stage. Mr. Edwards gives his experience as follows : 

 " Nearly all the larvae became lethargic immediately after leaving the egg, 

 having first devoured the egg-shells, but a few of a single brood in 1878, 

 about ten per cent, fed and proceded to first and second moidts. These 

 gradually died off" after first and second moults, but one lived several days 

 after third, and died about 14th November. In the fall the first 

 moult was reached at about eighteen days from the egg. The remaining 

 larvae were kept in a cool room, and such as survived were placed in a 

 greenhouse 14th Jan. on violet, and began to pass first moult 11th Feb., 

 or after twenty-eight days." The chrysalis hangs for three weeks or more. 

 The caterpillar feeds readily on violets. 



BRENTHIS HUBNER. 

 BRENTHIS FREIJA. 



Papilio freija Thunb., Diss. ins. suec, 55-56 (1793 ?). 



ii:34, tigs. 14, 14 (1791). Papilio dia lapponica Esp., Eur. schmett, 



Brenthis /reyaScudd.,Proo. Bost. soc. nat. i, pi. 97, fig. 3 (1780). 



hist., xvii : 299-303 (1875). Argynnis chariclea Edw., in his catalogues. 



Papilio freya Hiibn., Eur. schmett., figs. [Not Pap. chariclea Schneid.l 



Imago. Body covered above with greenish brown hairs, toward the extremity ful- 

 vous ; beneath ochraceous ; palpi with mingled ochraceous and black hairs below, 

 mingled fulvous and black above; stalk of antennae white below, black above, with 

 white annulations; club of antennae black, bright fulvous at the tip. 



Upper surface of wings rather deep fulvous, marked with black, with black nervures. 

 Fore wings: a narrow, broken band extends transversely and very irregularly across 

 the wing, commencing and terminating a little beyond the middle of the costal and 

 inner border ; its general direction is at first toward a point on the outer border, two- 

 thirds of the distance from the apex, next by a blind zigzag course toward the inner 

 border at a point one-third of the distance from the base, and then straight toward the 

 inner border; it is made up first of a nearly straight band which reaches the upper 

 median nervule, then by three short transverse dashes in the three succeeding inter- 



