KYMPHALIDAE: ARGYNNIDI. 1809 



median and spbmedian nervures; the roundish spots in the curved row are smaller and 

 more indistinct than above; covering that portion of the space between tliem and the 

 mesial band, which is traversed by the subcostal nervures, is a triangular pale yellow- 

 ish patch more distinct outwardly, with a transverse streak of pale cinnamon red 

 across its middle; beyond the triangular patch the wing is pale cinnamon red, with a 

 transverse streak of pale yellowish at the extreme apex ; the sagittate spots are more 

 delicate, and tlie nervules beyond them are distinctly yellowish or white. Basal half 

 of the hind wings deep cinnamon red ; there are three characteristic pearly white or 

 silvery spots upon the basal half : tlie first is situated in the costo-subcostal interspace, 

 its centre a little outside the divarication of the subcostal nervure ; it is square or ob- 

 long, with the ends deeply excised and bordered with Ijlack, and has the lower outer 

 angle cut off by the upper subcostal nervule ; the second is triangular, the sharp apex 

 outward, and is situated between the approximating branches of the subcostal and 

 median nervures, is traversed obliquely at one-third the distance from the base by the 

 transverse nervule, and extends to the white band crossing the middle of the wing; 

 its base is concave, deeply bordered with black, and extends at one side narrowly 

 along the lower edge of the subcostal nervure, reaching the first spot; the third, 

 also triangular, occupies the medio-submedian interspace ; its I)ase as far as the divari- 

 cation of the median Is thus united to the second spot, but is encroached upon from 

 the inside by the cinnamon red of the base of the wing, which, crossing the median 

 nervule, occupies about one-half of its area and forms in the outer portion a triangu- 

 lar spot bordered with black ; there are two minute spots of white along the middle of 

 the subcosto-niedian interspace, the outer with a black centre, and another at the base 

 of the costo-subcostal interspace ; the costal nervure also is edged above with white 

 throughout its extent ; a narrow, zigzag black band extends across the middle of the wing, 

 bordering the upper side of the second silvery spot on Its course, itself generally very 

 narrowly edged with white above; within this black band, next the inner border, the 

 surface is frequently powdered with whitish or ochraceous scales ; beyond the black 

 band is another broader band of white or silvery lunules whose general trend is nearly 

 straight, but slightly curved ; it rests against the outer angles of the black band along 

 the inner half of its course, often indistinct near the middle, and broader and less 

 defined upon the outer half ; the spaces left between the black and silvery band at the 

 outer half are ochraceous yellow between the subcostal nervules, and cinnamon red 

 between the costal and subcostal nervures; the outer border of the wing is narrowly 

 edged with black, and has silvery triangular or lozenge shaped spots situated between 

 the nervules, tipped with sagittate Ijlack spots ; the space between these and the silvery 

 band is of a pale cinnamon red with scattered ochraceous scales, which indeed occupy 

 the greater portion of the interspaces upon either side of the upper median nervule ; 

 the row of round black spots of the upper surface is repeated beneath, though often 

 but indistinctly. Expanse of wings, 38.5-45 mm. 



This northern butterfly inhabits circumpolar lands on either side of the 

 Atlantic, but extends much further southward on the western than on the 

 eastern continent, being found on the latter only in Lapland, in the former 

 not only in Greenland and Labrador, but in the west as far as Great Slave 

 Lake, Crow's Nest Pass, west of Ft. McLeod (Geddes), and even Colo- 

 rado (Mead), and in the east reaches the southern coast of Labrador, 

 where it was taken by Couper at Natashquam. Edwards says it extends 

 to the Pacific, but I have not seen it nor heard of any specific capture west 

 of the Rocky INIountains. 



Nothino- is known of its seasons or history, except that it appears in 

 Colorado early in the season, in May or early in June, according to Mr. 

 Mead, so that winter can certainly not be passed as a caterpillar just from 

 the eco-. See also the notes on the preceding species. 



