NYMPHALIDAE : HELICONINAE. 1813 



cies of the Amazons, in which the theory of mimicry was first propounded 

 (Trans. Linn. soc. Lond., xxiii). Regarding the position of this sub- 

 family, some remarks will be found in the body of the present work on 

 pp. 113-114. 



AGKAULIS BOISDUVAL AND LECONTE. 



Agraulis Boisd.-LeC, Lip. Amir. Sept., 112 (1833). Dione Auctorura (nee Hiibn.). 



Imago. Head moderately large, the face centrally tumid , rising beyond the level of the 

 eyes, laterally with an oblique and sharp sulcus running to the outer base of the maxillae, 

 and terminating above next the middle of the eye in a deep, abrupt, oval pit, directed to- 

 ward the centre of the head ; summit of head deeply and broadly sulcate raesially between 

 the antennae, to a less degree transversely beliind them ; antennae rather longer than 

 the abdomen, separated at base by nearly twice the width of the second joint, composed 

 of about thirty-eiglit joints, of which the third, fourth and fifth are of about equal 

 breadth, the middle joints of the stalk rather more than three times as long as broad, 

 the subreniform club composed of eleven joints, rapidly enlarging on the first four, 

 then subequal and nearly four times as broad as long, broadly rounded at tip, only two 

 or three joints entering into the diminution of size, the whole club about three times 

 longer than broad and more arcuate within than without, strongly depressed. Palpi 

 moderately long and slender, the apical joint minute, round, oval, not an eighth as 

 long as the cylindrical, sinuous, middle joint. Eyes naked. 



Fore wings elongate with arched costa, rounded apex, gently sinuate outer and hind 

 margins ; cell closed, about two-fifths the length of the wing. Subcostal nervure with 

 four superior branches, the first arising a little beyond the tip of the cell, the others at 

 equal distances from each otlier, the second nearer the third than the first, halfway be- 

 tween the tip of the cell and of the wing. Htiid wings rounded triangular, the costal 

 and inner margins of about equal length, the outer margin moderately full, .slightly 

 crenulate. Cell open, the subcostal and median nervules somewhat approximate beyond 

 it by the strong curvature of the upper branch of the latter, the subcostal forking at 

 some distance before the median and very near the base. 



Fore legs slender, the fore tibiae of the male scarcely half as long as the hind tibiae, 

 the fore tarsus very slight, about three-fourths the length of the tibiae, composed of 

 three joints of which the first is twice as long as the others together, the last half as 

 stout and less than half as long as the middle joint, all unarmed and thinly clothed 

 with hairs; hind tarsi a fifth longer than the tibiae, the first as long as the next three 

 together, these decreasing regularly, the fifth as long as the second and a third longer 

 than the fourth, all nearly naked and bristled above, armed beneath with four rows of 

 fine and rather crowded, half recumbent spines, those of the outer rows growing larger 

 from base to apex of each joint. Claws very long and slender, heeled at base, scarcely 

 arcuate beyond, except for the downcurved point. Paronychia and pul villus wanting. 



Egg. Broad oval, slightly more than a fourth higher than broad, the sides pretty 

 regularly convex, broadest scarcely below the middle, arching more rapidly near the 

 summit; with about fourteen straight, not greatly but equally elevated, vertical ribs, 

 and crossed by considerably more than that number of straight, subcontinuous and 

 very regular, slightly raised bands, as wide as the ribs, breaking the surface up into 

 very regular quadrangular cells, half as broad again as high. 



Caterpillar at birth. Head smooth and well rounded, with no protuberances, the 

 upper half with scattered, forward projecting hairs, as long as the depth of the head. 

 Body cylindrical, nearly equal, with series of exceptionally large, high, conical papillae, 

 each bearing a long and slender, equal, apically expanding bristle, about as long as the 

 diameter of the body, arranged in four rows on either side, viz. : alaterodorsal series cen- 

 trally placed ; a laterostigmatal centrally placed ; an infrastigmatal postcentral series. 



