1816 BUTTERFLIES BEYOND NEW ENGLAND. 



Egg. Conoidal, truncated, the top a little arched; the sides more or less convex, 

 varying; the height to the breadth as nine to seven; marked by fourteen straight ribs, 

 which are compressed and elevated, and run from base to top ; crossed by about eleven 

 striae.* horizontal, rather prominent; the spaces between the ribs and striae are quad- 

 rangular, the shortest side being with the long axis of the egg; these spaces are 

 depressed and are either flat or slightly convex; the summit is covered with rows of 

 cells, concentric, tho.se of the outer two rows large, hexagonal and irregular, of the 

 third row small, hexagonal; within these are eight small cells, not depressed, irregu- 

 larly rhomboidal and forming an eight-rayed star; in the centre a minute star of six 

 rays. Duration of this stage four to dve days. 



Caterpillar. First stage. Head nearly globular, flattened on lower front face ; color 

 brown ; slightly pilose. Body cylindrical, thickest at first abdominal segment, taper- 

 ing slightly to tail, the segments well rounded ; color brownish orange, glossy ; on 

 either side the dorsal line on each segment after the middle thoracic segment is a 

 laterodorsal row of short, conical, pale black tubercles, and two similar rows on either 

 side, forming transverse rows of sis tubercles, from the top of each of which springs 

 a short, black hair; on first thoracic segment is a black, dorsal collar, with fine tuber- 

 cles; legs brown. Length, 3.6 mm. 



Second staye. Head obovoid, the sides quite convex, the face flattened, the top 

 depressed, and on each conical vertex a simple, black process very similar to the body 

 spines, but less tapering and much shorter, pointed at top and ending with a short, fine 

 bristle; others disposed about it just as with the spines; a few hairs, long and short, 

 on front face ; color chocolate bro-svn. Body same shape ; nearly same color, less 

 brown, more orange ; armed with six longitudinal rows of long, tapering, black spines, 

 at top subconic, each ending in a fine, short, black bristle; a few similar bristles about 

 the spine from base up ; on first thoracic segment a dark chitiuous collar, broken at 

 the dorsal line, and bearing minute, hairy tubercles ; legs black. Length, 6 mm. 



Third stage. Head as at second stage, glossy black; the vertices rather high, coni- 

 cal; the processes two-thirds as long as the dorsal spines on middle thoracic segment, 

 irregularly tapering, slightly bent back, conical at top. Color of body dark (or red 

 brown) orange, glossy ; between supralateral and suprastigmatal spines a greenish brown 

 band, not well defined, rather a discoloration, and about the seventh abdominal seg- 

 ment fading away ; the spines long, all black and shining, from black tubercles ; those 

 of supralateral rows on last two thoracic segments longest, those of stigmatal rows 

 on the first two thoracic segments nearly as long ; collar on first thoracic segment 

 black. Length, 7.6 mm. 



Fourth stage. Head as before, but the vertices higher, and the processes longer and 

 much recurved, resembling horns; face black on front, behind the head orange, but 

 from base of each horn a black stripe passes down the back of the head ; on the front 

 are five minute orange spots, one at base of each horn, and three in a cross row below. 

 Color of body now dark orange, glossy ; a mediodorsal stripe of olive brown ; a broad 

 band of same hue fills the space between the supralateral and suprastigmatal spines 

 from the first thoracic to the ninth abdominal segments, the lower part of body also 

 olive brown, so that the orange is restricted to the dorsal area and lower part of sides ; 

 in some examples the band is macular, orange showing in it. Length, 20 mm. 



Last stage. [Soon after change.] Color of body red orange, the mediodorsal stripe 

 greenish, the lateral baud pale black, and broadened, so as to come to the outer sides 

 of the tubercles of the two rows ; the base same color as the band ; the orange 

 restricted to a narrow band rnnuiug with the spiracles. Length, 24 mm. Twenty- 

 four hours after this moult the length was 30 mm., and one day after this was 38 mm. 

 [When full grown.] Head obovoid, deeply cleft, with high conical vertices, on each 

 of which stands a stout, spinous, recurved process, 38 mm. long, black, in all respects 

 formed like the body spines, except that it is less tapering, the upper two-thirds being 

 of about uniform size; the tip conical and giving out a short, fine bristle; a few other 



* .See, however, the generic description. 



