1928 ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS. 



blinc StolVs in the markings, is far stouter and more regularly ovate, but like it shows a 

 dorsal surface and no head. The account of its position by StoU' is given on p. "81 ; 

 Sepp gives a very different one : the caterpillar attaches itself by the abdomen to a 

 branch, or often a leaf, and after having spun another hand around its body changes to 

 a chrysalis. 



The four remaining butterflies given by Sepp alone, belong, like the last, to the 

 Lemoniidi. 



The first is Mesene nigrocinctns. The caterpillar is more distinctly onisciform than 

 any other Lemoniid, no sign of the head appearing in the figure, so that it is diflicult, 

 if not impossible, to divine which is the head end; it is much less than twice as long 

 as broad, oval, but more pointed at one end, apparently the head end, than the other, 

 and seems to be tectiform, the mediodorsal line ridged, and uniformly and sparsely 

 covered with stiff, erect, tapering bristles, as long as the width of the body. Little 

 can be said of the chrysalis as the details are poorly given, but it is of about the same 

 size and jiroportious as the caterpillar, the tail more pointed than the head, and covered 

 with similar but rather more delicate bristles, with no sign of fasciation. Sepp dis- 

 tinctly says it is girt about the middle. 



The next is Metacharis erythromelas. This has much the general form of an ordinary 

 Lycaenid larva, but has the front portion alittle swollen, somewhat like an Amblypodia, 

 and is slender posteriorly, the whole creature fully three times as long as its greatest 

 width ; the head does not appear distinctively as such, and is apparently, at least in part, 

 retractile within the swollen mass behind it, and, moreover, this is furtherlndicated by 

 Sepp's expression that "in walking, the caterpillar advances its head." The sides of 

 the body along the inf rastigmatal fold are furnished with little triangular, fleshy pro- 

 cesses, concealing the legs; the whole body is sparsely clothed with long, delicate, 

 gently curving, erect, and apparently delicate hairs, with no sign of fasciation or 

 special distribution; besides, says Sepp, they are covered with a white powder, which 

 spreads also on the leaves where they crawl, but which is less apparent as the cater- 

 pillar grows larger. The chrysalis, which is rather obscurely drawn, partly on account 

 of the white powder which appears still to cling to it, is not very unlike a Lycaenid 

 chrysalis, but tapers more in a conical form on the abdomen, like the Lemoniinae gen- 

 erally; it is a little more than twice as long as broad, without prominences, bluntly 

 rounded at the front, which apparently terminates with the prothorax, covered with 

 large spots and with a few long bristles, not so long as those of the caterpillar. It is 

 girt around the middle. 



The third is Nymphidiuni mammeae, already referred to. Here the caterpillar 

 wholly resembles in general appearance, with only specific differences, the caterpillar 

 attributed by Stoll' to Euselasia crotopus, with its two erect, stift' filaments behind the 

 head, "points tr6s filevfis," Sepp calls them; it is considerably slenderer, however, 

 than Stoir represents it. The chrysalis is also similar in shape in every respect, though 

 of very different and livelier colors. Sepp adds that the eggs are laid in a mass and the 

 caterpillars live in company, and are processionary, eating little and growing slowly. 

 The chrysalis is so tightly girt around the middle as to prevent all movement. 



The last instance is an allied insect called Papilio caricae by Sepp, clearly of a differ- 

 ent genus, but placed by Kirby in Nymphidium, as by Bates before him. The caterpil- 

 lar has the same form as the last, is a little less than three times as long as broad, but has 

 no erect bristles behind the head ; the head, however, has a rounded, vertical promi- 

 nence on either side and has a radiating frill of aculiform bristles as long as the head, 

 encircling the hinder face ; a few short hairs are seen at the extremity of the body 

 which otherwise is apparently naked. An interesting point in its natural history is 

 that it lives on the upper side of leaves exposed, and is always surrounded by very 

 small ants; this being the only instance known to occur, so far as I am aware, among 

 the Lemoniinae. The chrysalis is hesperidiform, a little more than three times as long 

 as broad, the bluntly rounded front apparently terminated by the prothorax, and a sub- 

 conical, pointed abdomen ; it is girt around the middle. 



Sepp is careful to give the food plants of his insects, by which it appears that there 



