INDEX. 



569 



Oaths, taken at Customhouse, account 

 of, ii. 515 and 516 — Immoral ten- 

 dency of, ii. 51 7 



Ohthere, whale-fishery known to, in the 

 ninth century, ii. 6 



Oil, mode of extracting, from blubber 

 by the first fishers, ii. 174 — Extract- 

 ed in Spitzbergen, ib Expences of 



extracting, and preni-jjcs of sailors 

 on, ii. 398 — Premisses used for ex- 

 tracting, ii. 397 — Process of ex- 

 tracting, ii. 400 — Uses of, ii. 420 — 

 For making gas, ii. 421 — Proper- 

 ties of gas from, ii. 425 



description of, ii. 408 — Proportion 



between weight and measure in, ii. 

 409. and 525— Price of, in different 

 years, ii. 410 — Cause of the smell 

 of, ii. 411 — Refined oil, properties 

 of, ii. 413 — Processes for refining, ii. 

 431 — Specific gravity of, determi- 

 ned, ii, 527 



Oniscus ceti, account of, i. 543 



Orosius, the work of, translated by 

 Alfred the Great, ii. 7 — Examina- 

 tion of a difficult passage in, ii. 9 



Parhelia and coronae, description of, i. 

 392 



Parliament, acts of, relating to the 

 importation of the produce of the 

 whale-fishery, ii. 378 — For the re- 

 gulation of the whale-fisherjs ii- 491 

 Number of officers and quantity of 

 stores for ships of different classes 

 required by, ii. 493 — Affidavits and 

 certificates requu-ed by, ii. 514 



Phoca', seals, account of, i. 508 



Physalis, balasna, description of, i. 478 

 — Magnitude, i. 479 — Difficulty of 

 capture, i. 480 



Plants, catalogue of, found in Spitz- 

 bergen, i. (75) 



Pole. See North Pole. 



Poole, Jonas, suggested the whale- 

 fishery at Spitzbergen, ii. 20 



Pressure of the sea on a whale equal 

 to the weight of 60 men of war, ii. 

 250 



Procellaria glacialis, account of, i. 528 



Protections from impress, granted to 

 officers and seamen of whale ships, 

 ii. 503 — Bonds required before ob- 

 taining, ii. 515 



Providence, laudable dependence on, 



by our early voyagers, i. 23 

 Puffin, common at Spitzbergen, i. 527 



Rain, in Arctic countries, i. 420 — 

 Cause of, i. 421 — Illustrations of 

 Hutton's Theory of, i. 422 



Razor-back whale, descri^^tion of, i. 

 478 



Red-pole, lesser, account of, i. 537 



Refraction, beautiful effect of, i. 385 

 — Occasions a division in the sen- 

 sible horizon, i. 387 — Shews the ho- 

 rison 85 miles more distant than 

 usual, i. 389 — Remarks on the cause 

 of, i. 391 



Rein-deer, mention of, i. 526. 



Resolution, ship, expences of the 

 equipment of, ii. 393 — Profits of, 

 li. 395. 



Rostrata, Balaena, described, i. 485 — 

 One stranded in Orkney, ib. 



Royal Society, abstract of thermome- 

 tric observations, kept at the apart- 

 ments of, i. (51) 



Russia Company, first sent ships to the 

 Spitzbergen whale-fishery, ii. 22— 

 Obtain a Royal Charter for a mo- 

 nopoly of the fishery, ii. 25 — Drive 

 out all interlopers, ii. 26 — Capture 

 a Dutch vessel, ii. 27 — Successful 

 fishers, ii. 31 



Russian hunters in Spitzbergen, i. 140 



Sabella frustulosa, notice of, 1. 551 



St John's Island discovered, i. 69 



St Lawrence's River discovered, i. 70 



Sandpiper, notice of, i. 537 



Scoresby, Captain senior, sailed to la- 

 titude 8r.30', i. 42— His account of 

 a boat soaked with water in conse- 

 quence of pressure, i. 191 — His re- 

 marks on winds, i. 401 — His contri- 

 vance for reducing blubber to oil by 

 steam, ii. 403 



Scotland, whale-fishery commenced 

 from ii. 116 



Scurvy, dangerous disorder in cold cli- 

 mates, i. 340 — Occasioned by the 

 use of salt provisions, &c. i. 340 



Sea, Greenland, survey of, i. 170 

 — Situation of, i. 172 — Saltness, 

 i. 171— Colour, i. 173— Peculiarity 



