92 A Guide to the Zoological Collections in the 



The young of typical Orthoptera differ from the adults 

 chiefly in the absence of wings, and the metamorphoses 

 consist of a series of moults in which the wings are gradu- 

 ally acquired. 



The Orthoptera form a large Order of which the follow- 

 ing family-types are represented in the Gallery: — 



ist. Forficulidae, or Earwigs, (Case 70B); 



2nd. Blattidge, or Cockroaches, (Cases 70B and 70C); 



3rd. Mantidas or Praying- insects, (Cases 71A-74C); 



4th. Phasmidse, or Stick-insects and Leaf-insects, (Case 

 75A), the wingless forms resembling sticks, 

 the winged forms resembling leaves ; 



5th. the Acridiidae, or Grasshoppers, (Cases 75B-77A); 



6th. the Locustidae, (Cases 77B.77C); 



7th. the Achetidae, or Crickets, (Case 77C). 



In the above seven families, which constitute the sub- 

 Order Orthoptera genuina, the fore-wings are hard and 

 parchment-like. 



Family 8th, the Termitidae, or Termites, popularly known 

 as "White Ants ", although they are not ants 

 at all. The Termite communities consist of 

 sexually-perfect males and females, both of 

 which are winged, and of sexually-aborted males 

 and females, or "neuters ", which are wingless. 

 The neuters are of two kinds, namely (i) 

 "soldiers '', with large mandibles for fighting, 

 and (2) ordinary " workers " with smaller 

 mandibles. Besides males and females, sol- 

 diers and workers, the Termite communities 

 also contain wingless larvae and pupas. The 

 females, or "Queens", when distended with 

 eggs are of enormous size. In Case 78B spe- 

 cimens of Queens, Soldiers, Workers, and pupae 

 are shown ; and in Case 78A is a series of 

 enlarged drawings illustrating ail the forms of 

 Termes lucifugus. 



