268 MAMMALIA. 



a*. Small, fur rather harsh, ears not black, skull small with small 

 carnasial teeth. 



c. Brush black-tipped, body concolorous. 



V. bengalensis, p. 271. 



c^. Brush white-tipped, back reddish, sides grizzled iron gray. 



V. ferrilatus, p. 272. 



Vulpes alopex. 



Var. A. — typicus, 



Canis vulpes Linnaeus Syst. Nat., I2th ed., i, p. 59 (1766). 



Canis alopex, Linnaeus Syst. Nat., 12th ed., i, p. 59 (1766). 



Vulpes melanogaster, Pr. Bon ^parte fconog. Faun. Ital. no. i, pi. i (1832). 



Vulpes vulgaris, Gray List Mamm. B. M., p. 59 (1842) ; Blyth Cat., p. 42. 



Vulpes alopex, Blanford P. Z. S., p. 635 (1887); id. Mammals, p. 153. 



Var. B.—fulvus. 



Canis fulvus, Desmarest Mamm., p. 203 (1820V 



Vulpes fulvus, Dekay New York ZooL, p. 44, pi. vii, fig. i (1842). 



Var. C. — montanus. 



Canis (Vulpes) montana. Pearson J. A. S. B., v, p. 313 (1836). 



Vulpes himalaicus, Ogilby P. Z. S., p. 103 (1S36). 



Vulpes nipalensis, Gray Charlesw. Mag. N. H., i, p. 578 (1837). 



Vulpes montanus, Blyth J. A. S. B., xi, p. 589 (1842) ; Gray Cat. Hodgs. 

 Coll., ist ed., p. 12 ; Horsfield Cat. E. I. Mus., p. 87 ; Blytk J. A. S. B., 

 xxiii, p. 730; Adams P. Z. S., 1858, p. 516; Blyth Cat., p. 42; ^erdon 

 Mamm., p 152 ; I^ydekker J. A. S. B., xlvi, p. 285 ; Blanfnrd J. A. S. B., 

 xlvi, p. 323 ; id. ibid., xlviii, p. 95; Scully P. Z S., i88r, p. 202 ; id. 

 Ann. Mag. N. H. (5), viii, p. 225 ; id. J. A. S. B., Ivi, p 69. 



Vulpes flavescens, Gray Ann. Mag. N. H., xi, p. 1 18 (1843); 'd. Cat. Hodgs. 

 Coll., 1st ed., p. n ; Horsfield Cat. E. /. Mus , p. 86; Adams P. Z. S., 

 1858, p. 516; Blyth Cat., p. 42; Blanford Yarkand Mammals, p. 22, 

 pi. ii. 



Vulpes alopex, Blanford P. Z. S., p. 63S (1887); id. Mammals, p. 153. 



The Mountain Fox ; Loh of Kashmir; Wamu of Nepal. 



Distribution.^— The typical variety is found throughout the 

 Palsearctic region from England to Siberia ; var. fulvus is found 

 throughout the Nearclic region in the States and Canada ; and 

 var. montanus is distributed over the Himalayas from Sikkim to 

 Kashmir, Eastern Turkestan (Blanford), Candahar (Scully), 

 Upper Burma (Anderson) .? 



The skulls of Indian foxes present little or no points of differ- 

 ence except in actual size, and in the proportions of the teeth, 

 thus in a series formed by V. bengalensis and passing up through 

 V. leucopus and V. griffithii to V. montanus there can be traced 



