ANATOMY OF THE NOSE AND LIPS. 



119 



present subject, and which will be often referred to in the course of our 

 work ; /, m, o, and p, are muscles employed for this purpose. 



THE MUSCIiES, NERVES, AND BLOOD-VESSELS 



OF 



TDE HEAD AND UPPER PART OF THE NECK. 



a Upper part of the ligament of the neck. 



b LiCvator humeri (elevator of the shoulder), rising- from the tubercle of the occiput, tha 

 mastoid (nipple-shaped) process of the temporal bone, and the transverse processes 

 (cross projections) of the four first bones of the neck, and the lig-ament of the neck, 

 and going to the muscles of the shoulders, and the upper bone of the arm ; to draw 

 forward the shoulder and arm ; or turn the head and neck ; and, when the two leva- 

 tors act, to depress the head. 



t Tendon common to the complexus-major (larger complicated), and aplenius (splint-like); 

 to the mastoid process of the temporal, to hold up the head, or the muacles on one 

 side alone acting, to turn it. 



d Sterno-rruucillaris (belonging to the breast-bone), and upper jaw, from the cartilage in 

 front of the chest to the angle of the lower jaw; to bend the head, or, if one only 

 act, to bend it on one side. 



e Stylo-maxillaris, from the styloid (pencil-shaped) or coracoid (beak-shaped) process of 

 the occiput, to the angle of the jaw ; to pull the jaw backward and open it. 



f Subscapulo hycndeus, from under the shoulder-blade, to the body of the os Iryoides (the 

 bone at the root of the tongue, formed like a Greek u, u) ; to draw back that bone. 



g Ma'iscter (chewing) ; a most powerful muscle, constituting the cheek of the horse ; 

 from the upper jaw-bone into the rough surface round the angle of the lower; in 

 conjunction with the temporal muscle to close the mouth and chew the food. 



h Orbicularis (circular) surrounding the eye and closing the lids. 



T Zygomaticua, from the zygomatic arch and masseter to the corner of the mouth ; to 

 draw back the angle of the mouth. 



h BucciTiator (trumpeter), from the inside of the mouth and cheeks, to the angle of the 

 mouth, to draw it back. 



I Nasalis lahii superioris (belonging to the nose and upper lip), from a depression at the 

 junction of the superior maxillary and malar bones to the angle of the nostril ; to 

 raise the lip and dilate the nostrils. 



tn Dilator naris lateralis (side dilator of the nostril); reversed to show the vessels and 

 nerves which it covers, going from the covering of the nasal and frontal bones to 

 the angle of the mouth and side of the nostril ; to retract the upper lip and dilate 

 the nostrils. 



It Dilator ■miignus (great dilator), assisting in the same office. 



• Depressor labii itiferioria (puller down of the under lip), to the sides of the under lip 

 to pull it down. 



