53 



the entomological information in this paper, that it is the custom 

 among many of our farmers to make use of their hogs in ridding their 

 grounds of these grubs. If a portion of ground is found to be particu- 

 larly infested with white grubs, the hogs are turned loose and destroy 

 the grubs. This custom undoubtedly adds , to some extent at least, to 

 the frequency of this parasite among American hogs ; for, when a far- 

 mer feeds grubs to his hogs, he must necessarily feed them Echino- 

 rhynchi at the same time, provided the grubs are infected. 



The white grub with which I have chiefly experimented, is the 

 \ax\a, of Lachnosterna arcuata. According to Mr. Howard, this spe- 

 cies has been reported from New York , New Jersey , District of Co- 

 lumbia, Georgia, Iowa and Missouri. The geographical distribution 

 of the parasite in the United States is , however , very much greater 

 than the distribution of this insect. It follows that Lachnosterna ar- 

 cuata is not the only insect in America which can serve as the secon- 

 dary host to our parasite. L. dubia has a much wider range than the 

 former species, and, Mr. Howard tells me that although it is practically 

 impossible to distinguish the larval forms of the three species of Lach- 

 nosterna , I mention in this paper , he strongly mistrusts that I have 

 both this and the following species among my experiment animals. 

 Specimens of L. dubia are found in the National Museum from Maine, 

 Massachusetts, New York , New Jersey , District of Columbia, North 

 Carolina, Ohio, Illinois, Wisconsin, Tennessee, Montana, Nevada, 

 California and Texas. Another closely allied species , L. hirticula has 

 been found in Massachusetts , New York , New Jersey, Pennsylvania 

 Maryland, District of Columbia, North Carolina, Illinois, Missouri, 

 Nebraska and Minnesota. 



These three species of insect are included in the old species 

 Lachnosterna fusca, Froehlich, and since they all have the same ha- 

 bits, feeding upon tender roots, etc., and differ from each other only in 

 the male genitalia, I assume provisionally that all three — in other 

 words, Froehlich's L. fusca — can serve as secondary host for E. 

 giffas, although I have given an absolutely positive demonstration only 

 in the case of the first species, L. arcuata. 



In all, 91 species oî Lachnosterna are recognized in this country, 

 and it seems to me highly probable that some of these other species 

 may serve as secondary host for this parasite , although I have not as 

 yet had an opportunity to experiment with them. 



The typical group of the Cetoniae is represented in this country 

 by the genus Euphoria, of which we have 1 6 species represented in all 

 parts of this country , except in California. Of the closely allied ge- 

 nera Allorhina and Gymnetis^ we have two species each found mainly 



