10 RIIOPALOCERA AFRICA AUSTRALIS. 



Fam. 10. Hesperidse.* 



There are also many general distinctions in colour, &c., 

 between the divers Families ; but these are very liable to 

 numerous exceptions. Thus, the typical forms of the 

 pAPiLiONiDiE have the hindwing prolonged into a tail, (Ex., 

 Papilio Merope, Cram.), but there are very many without 

 this appendage (Ex. Papilio Cenea, Stoll.) In the Pierid^, 

 the wings are very generally yellow or white in ground-colour, 

 but in Pieris Eripliia, Godt., black appears to predominate. 

 The SatyriDjE are in general remarkable for possessing 

 ocellated spots on one or both surfaces of the wings, but in 

 Gnophodes Parmeno, E, DoubL, these ornaments are wholly 

 wanting. The varied and spotted character of the wings of 

 the AcbjEid^e is entirely lost in the aberrant Acroea Ama- 

 zonia, Boisd., which is of an unicolorous ochre-yellow, with 

 black nervures. The exceeding variability of such distinc- 

 tions as these renders it impossible to depend upon them ; 

 and it is always safer, where possible, to use structural ones, 

 in characterising groups. 



Family L— PAPILIONIDiE. 



Papilionid^, Leach. 



Papilionides, Boisd. 



Papiliones, Horsf. 



Papilionin^, Swains. 



Papilionidi, Steph. 



Imago. — ^eatZ of moderate size ; eyes ^xomment; antennce 

 more or less arched, gradually thickening into an elongate 

 club ; palpi short, moderately hairy. Thorax rather elon- 

 gate, moderately robust. Fore-vnngs elongate, decidedly 

 triangular in form ; the discoidal cell closed ; and the lower 

 discoidal nervule so situate as to appear like a fourth median 

 nervule. Hind-wings rounded, dentate : the first median 

 nervule often produced beyond hind-margin to support a more 

 or less elongate projection of the wing, commonly called a 

 tail ; the inner margin concave, leaving the abdomen free. 

 Legs rather long, slender, all six fitted for walking. Ab- 

 domen elongate, rather slender. 



Larva. — Robust, smooth, brightly coloured, with ten 



* It must, of course, be remembered, that in most Families some Genera 

 will occur forming an exception to the arbitrarily chosen characters of an 

 artificial arrangement like the above ; but, as a rule, the characters given 

 will be found to hold good. 



