18 RHOPALOCERA AFRICA AUSTRALIS. 



lunula!', the inner row of seven, (of which the first and seventh 

 touch the costal and inner-marginal ocelli respectively), the 

 outer of six spots ; all the black portion of wing, as far as 

 inner row of marginal spots, thickl}' irrorated with yellow 

 dots ; denticulation on first median nervule on hind-margin 

 more produced than the rest, indicating the generic incli- 

 nation to a tail. Under-side. — Considerably paler than up- 

 perside. Fore-wing : spots as on upper-side ; yellow streak 

 above sub-costal nervure extends to beyond middle ; four 

 yellow streaks radiating from base in cell, and two below 

 cell ; no irrorations. Hijid-wing : base widely yellowish, di- 

 vided into three curved transverse stripes by the black-clouded 

 nervules ; stripe before middle as on upper-side ; ocelli simi- 

 lar ; within discoidal cell, at extremity, a dull-golden, in- 

 wardly bluish-scaled crescent, edging a semicircular black 

 marking; inner row of hind -marginal spots (which are larger 

 than on upper-side) closely parallelled on their inner-side by 

 a row of five sub-lunular marks, coloured like the crescent in 

 cell, and, like it, bounding each a blackish mark ; the dark 

 space between cell and these latter markings, is thickly irro- 

 rated with dull-golden scales. 



Larva. — Pale yellowish green, marhled with purple or 

 purplish-grey running in irregular sub-transverse markings- 

 on the sides. Numerous pale-ferruginous, small, ocellate 

 spots sprinkled about purple markings. A broad, longitu- 

 dinal, white stripe above spiracles. Head and legs pale 

 sandy-brown ; as well as two small pointed tubercles on 

 segment next head, from between which is protruded, when 

 the animal is irritated, a crimson, Y-shaped, tentacle-like 

 organ, emitting a very peculiar, pungent odour. Two similar 

 smaller tubercles on anal segment (but no Y-shaped organ). 

 A very sluggish Larva, and as variable in the distribution of 

 its colours as the Butterfly is constant in its pattern. The 

 young Caterpillar differs strikingly from the full-grown one, 

 being very dark, without green colouring, and clothed with 

 short spines. Feeds on UmheUiferce, Buhon galhamim and 

 gummiferum, and in gardens on the Fennel. Also on Orange 

 and Lemon trees. 



PuTA. — Dark ash-grey or hrownish-grey, varied with 

 darker shades and streaks. Rather elongate ; the bifid head 

 and thoracic elevation very prominent. Commonly attached 

 to the older stems of its food plants, which it closely resem- 

 bles in colour. 



Open ground, hillsides, fields, and gardens. Rarely in open spots near 

 edges of woods. 



September (e)— March |^e), August— May (D'Urbau). 



