276 EHOPALOCERA AFRICA AUSTRALIS. 



type, as in Var. Aranda (in one specimen the centres are 

 bright silvery-white). Hind-tvmg : spots Larger, more shining, 

 and more conspicuous than in type, helng ahvays more or less 

 well-defined hy dark edges, those of centi'al row more con- 

 tiguous, forming an interrupted macular streak. 



? . Not unlike type, but paler (especially near bases) ; 

 orange sometimes very faint. Fore-wing : orange of disc often 

 divided from basal suffusion. Hind-iving : marginal edging 

 represented by a row of spots marking orange. Under- 

 side. — As in $ , 



Widely different as the two varieties noted arc from the typical Pierus, 

 I find myself unable, after a long investigation of a very nuaierous series 

 of examples, to regard them as distinct. They are, however, both very 

 marked divergent races of the species. Wallengren tliinks the Var. A (his 

 species Arandci) to be the satre as Godart's tliiid variety of Ecadrus, but 

 the latter's mention of the orange of hind-wing being crossed by a blackish 

 ray, and of the under-side's being ''parseme de point i at de chevrons d'uu 

 blanc-argente, &c.," causes me to believe that Godart's third variety is none 

 other than Z. nudagrida, Wlgr. As already observed, some specimens of 

 Z. Thyra show a singular resemblance to Var. A on the upper-side. The 

 $ of Var. B is so widely dissimilar above from the type that I for some 

 time believed it to be a distinct species, but the gradations, even in this 

 sex, into Fierus proper are very complete, a specimen which I took at 

 Knysna having very nearly as much orange as the type specimens ; while 

 the $ s, save for their paleness, differ but littl: from those of Fierus. I 

 possess a specimen of Fierus $ , and another of Var. A $ , which alike 

 vary from the ordinary colouration, the orange of fore-wing being limited to 

 a space before middle and a small discal spot beyond middle, and the costal 

 border of hind-wing being much broader than usual. 



Dry, sandy spots, chiefly in hilly places. 



October (b)— April (c). 



Almost invariably settles on the ground, and is very easily captured * 

 The type form, which was very common at Knysna, is very rare near Cape 

 Town, and would seem equally so in British Kaffraria, Mr. D'Urbau having 

 met with only a single sp^ cimen. The same may be said of Var. A, which, 

 however, was more fiequentjy taken by Mr. D'Urban, and seems to be 

 common in Kaffraria Proper. Var. B would appear to be the dominant 

 form of the species, being extremely abundant near Cape Town, "common" 

 at King William's Town, and frequent on the Bashee River. I found the 

 latter plentifully at Stelleubosch, but only once took it at Knysna. 



Cape Town. Stellenbosch. Wellington. Knysna. Plet- 

 tenberg Bay. Bashee River, Kaffraria (J. H. Bowker). — 

 Coll. Tri. et S. A. Mus. 



King William's Town. " Near Fort Murray, and between 

 Breakfast Vley and Fort Hare."— Coll. W. D'Urban. 



172. Zeritis Thero. 



Papilio Thero, Linn., Syst. Nat., II, p. 787, n. 219. 



„ „ ,, Mus. Lud. Ulr. Reg., p. 328, n. 14G. 



* I have sometimes taken Var. A on Bruuia flowers. 



