170 • Jane E. Buikstra and Sloan Williams 



M6-3269a: Sex unknown, adult. 

 internal aspect of manubrium. 



Periosteal reaction obvious on 



M6-3299: Male 18- 19 years. Periostitis observed on internal aspect 

 of ribs and on anterior surface of L3. 



M6-3644a: Female 25-26 years. Remains were recovered from a 

 collar tomb that contained a minimum number of five individuals, 

 including three adults. Two adjacent (T9/TI0) lower thoracic ver- 

 tebrae exhibit massive resorptive lesions within the bodies. On 

 sufx;rior surt'ace of T9, three coalesced large foci arc visible. Body 

 height maintained on right side, but destroyed on left. Only anterior 

 and right side of TIO body present, showing circumferential bone 

 proliferation. Erosive lesions have destroyed interior portion of 

 body. Inferior aspect had apparently fused to Tl I (not recovered). 

 Right postzygapophysis and inferior surface of a 2d or 3d lumbar 

 vertebra from this set of commingled remains also show extensive 

 resorption. 



M6-4I65: Male 27-30 years. Solitary lesion apparent on left side of 

 L4 body, ca. 2 cm in diameter, that perforates to left side. Modest 

 amount of proliferative bone around lesions. Osteophytes extend to 

 L3. L3 not affected. 



M6-4176: Male 22-24 years. Right sacroiliac articulation heavily 

 eroded by disease process, which is somewhat obscured by post- 

 mortem change. A lesion on articular surface has penetrated exter- 

 nal surface. Periosteal reaction evident on opposite external face. 

 Reaction evident on proximal portion of right femoral diaphysis. 



M6-42l3a: Female 50+ years. Ribs present internal expansion of 

 bone well integrated at time of death. No costal groove observable. 



M6-4256: Male 45+ years. TIO-TI 1 affected by erosive process 

 that has produced extensive loss of body height on inferior aspect of 

 TIO and superior aspect of Tl I. A kyphosis of ca. 30° was pro- 

 duced. Sclerotic emargination evident on all lesions. Pedicles af- 

 fected on both vertebrae. 



At least five left and two right ribs show periosteal reaction on 

 their vertebral aspects, extending across bodies past angles. Costal 

 grooves obscured. In that these are lower ribs, the reaction is proba- 

 bly related to degenerative process observed in vertebrae. 



M6-4268: Female 22-24 years. Periostitis observed on internal 

 aspect of ribs. 



M6-5390: Female 50+ years. This individual shows characteristic 

 and extensive skeletal changes. 



Right ilium ankylosed to sacrum. 



Vertebral involvement extensive. Initial focus of disease process 

 was In bodies of T10-TI2, with subsequent extension to LI-T9. 

 kyphosis (ca. 90°) and ankylosis. Lesions occur adjacent to disks in 

 L5 and T9-TI2. L2, T3, T4. T5, and T6 present oval resorptive 

 areas posterioriy, adjacent to foramina for basivertebral veins. Cir- 

 cumferential resorption occurs in T3-T8 and L3. The most exten- 

 sive neural arch involvement Is in L2. with pedicles affected In T4- 

 T7, T9-T12, and L3. Transverse processes show pathological re- 

 sorptive areas In TS-T?. 



Bones of feet somewhat porous, with notable periostitis on lateral 

 aspect of calcancl. There are two sets of fused foot phalanges. 



Most ribs, nine left, eight right, have arthritic articular facets in 

 addition to periostitis located on their necks. Most Inferior ribs are 

 remodeled externally. 



M6-5428: Male 50+ years. Healed periosteal reaction evident on 

 internal aspect of ribs. 



M6-5838a: Female 50+ years. Periostitis on internal surface of rib. 



M6-5859: Male 35+ years. Periostitis noted on Intemal aspects of 

 ribs. 



M6-6464: Male 35-39 years. LI and L3 both have resorptive le- 

 sions, with anterior surface of L3 and posterior surface of LI being 

 affected. Right acetabulum and caput femoris present trabecular 

 exposure following premortem cortical resorption. Left scapula 

 also has a large channel extended vertically through glenoid fossa. 



M6-82 lOa: Se.x unknown, middle-old adult. Healed periosteal reac- 

 tion on Intemal aspect of ribs. 



M6-9334: Male 39-44 years. Small resorptive area on superior 

 surface of rib. 



M6-99407b: 2.5-3.0 years. Ribs expanded, as are long bones and 

 ilia. Involvement of ribs emphasized. 



Literature cited 



Allison, M.J. 1984. Paleopathology In Peruvian and Chilean Popu- 

 lations. In M.N. Cohen and G.J. Armelagos. eds.. Paleopathol- 

 ogy at the Origins of Agriculture, 515-529. New York: Academ- 

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Allison, M.J., E. Gerszten, J. Munlzaga, CA. Santoro. and D. 

 Mendoza. 1981 . Tuberculosis In Pre-Columbian Andean Popula- 

 tions. InJ.E. Buikstra, ed.. Prehistoric Tuberculosis in the Amer- 

 icas. Northwestern University Archeological Program Scientific 

 Papers, 5:49-51. Evanston, III.: Northwestern University. 



Allison, M.J., D. Mendoza, and A. Pezzla. 1973. Documentation 

 of a Case of Tuberculosis In Pre-Columbian America. American 

 Review of Respiratory Diseases. 107:985-991 . 



Anderson, J.E. 1968. The Serpent Mounds Site Physical An- 

 thropology. Royal Ontario Museum. Art Archaeology Occasion- 

 al Paper, 1 1 . 



Anderson, J.R., ed. 1976. Muir's Textbook of Pathology. lOth edi- 

 tion. Yearbook Med. Pubs., Inc., 810-849. 



Buikstra, J.E. 1977. Differential Diagnosis: An Epidemiological 

 Model. Yearbook of Physical Anthropology 1976, 20:316-328. 



Buikstra, J.E. 1981. Introduction. InJ.E. Buikstra, ed. Prehistoric 

 Tuberculosis In the Americas. Northwestern Universiry Archeo- 

 logical Program Scientijic Papers. 5:1-23. Evanston, 111.: 

 Northwestern University. 



Buikstra, J.E, and DC. Cook. 1978. Pre-Columbian Tuberculosis: 

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Zagreb Paleopathology Symp 1988 



