292 • J. Blackman, M.J. Allison, A.C. Aufderheide, N. Oldroyd, and R.T. Steinbock 



Figure 1 . Heart demonstrating fibrinous exudate 

 on pericardial surface. 



Figure 3. Right kidney demonstrating moderate atrophy with granular 

 surface, hydroureter and adjacent calculus removed from calyx in lower 

 pole. 



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METRIC 



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Figure 2. Section through the trachea just below the larynx 

 demonstrates bilateral dark-brown masses juxtaposed to the 

 trachea. 



separated from the myocardium (Figure 1 ). At the level of the 

 inferior portion of the larynx bilateral, dark brown masses, 

 roughly spherical and measuring 1.5 cm in diameter, were 

 juxtaposed to the trachea (Figure 2). Long bones appeared 

 lighter than usual and a cross-section of the femur revealed a 



thin cortex. The right kidney measured 7 x 4 x 2 cm and the 

 left appeared to be about two-thirds as large. The pelves and 

 calyces on each side were well defined and each contained at 

 least five easily recognized calyces. Two gray calculi, mea- 

 suring 2.5 mm and 6 mm, were found in the right kidney, one 

 in an upper pole (Figure 3) calyx and another in that of the 

 lower pole. Both ureters were moderately dilated to about 

 two or three times their normal diameter from the renal pelvis 

 to the urinary bladder on each side (Figure 4). No abnor- 

 malities of the bladder and its trigone area were evident, 

 although the brittle, dehydrated state of the tissues made it 

 impossible to evaluate patency of the ureterovesical junc- 

 tions. Gross autopsy diagnoses included bilateral hydroure- 

 ter, right renal calculi, left renal atrophy, pericardial exudate, 

 bilateral neck masses of undetermined nature, and mild, dif- 

 fuse osteoporosis. 



MICROSCOPIC STUDIES 



kidneys: The tubular structure of renal cortex was cleaHy 

 evident in both kidneys, although the architecture of the left 

 kidney was much more extensively destroyed than that of the 

 right. Glomeruli were difficult to find. Irregular masses of 

 calcified tissue were scattered through the parenchyma, the 

 smaller ones revealing residual traces of arterial wall or corti- 

 cal tubules as their locale of origin. Sheaf-shaped clusters of 

 needlelike crystals were scattered through the parenchyma, 

 some within tubule lumens and others superimposed on the 

 calcified masses. 



Zafireb Paleopathology Symp. 1988 



