DAWKIJfS ON THE DENTITION OF HTiENA SPELiEA. 81 



differs from the other two in the small size of its teeth. In the 

 upper jaw, Premolar 2 is characterized by the presence of the an- 

 terior accessory cusp, and by the large development of the posterior 

 one ; Premolar 3, by the presence of both these, which are absent 

 or rudimentary ui the other two species ; Premolar 4, by the divi- 

 sion of its sectorial edge into three subequal lobes. But the 

 oblong transverse tubercular upper true molar exhibits the maximum 

 differences, in its implantation by three fangs. According to M. De 

 Blainville,* it possesses but one fang (" na' qu'une racine"), on the 

 authority of Frederic Cuvierf (" elle a plus de deux racines") more 

 than two, while all those that I have examined in the British, Hun- 

 terian, and Oxford Museums, without exception, possess three, situ- 

 ated very nearly in the same transverse line. Its crown is composed 

 of three tubercles, inter- connected by a ridge, the stouter on the 

 inner side, and each supported by a fang. 



In the lower jaw, the accessory cusps are much more strongly 

 marked in the Premolar series, than in the other species, while the 

 true molar exhibits considerable differences of size and form. The 

 tubercular portion is developed largely at the expense of the carnas- 

 sial, the blades of which are subequal in antero-posterior extent. 

 On the inner siHe, and springing from the posterior of these, is a 

 stout cusp or tubercle, the analogue of that in the Canidse. 



B. The dentition of the species which comes next to the former, 

 H. brunnetty Thunberg — (-ST. fusca of Geoffrey, Crocuta hrunneay 

 Gray, H. villosa, Smith), offers very considerable points of difference, 

 the principal of which are the large development of the posterior 

 lobe of the upper sectorial, and the small size and triangular form 

 of the upper true molar. The latter, in its implantation, also differs 

 from the preceding species. In the Eoyal College of Surgeons 

 (Hunt. Cat. 4447), and in the British Museum (822 B. Gray's Cat.) 

 it is supported by two fangs, while in a second specimen in the latter 

 Museum (822 A. Gray's Cat.) it possesses but one. 



In the carnassial of the lower jaw, the posterior blade is longer 

 in antero-posterior extent than the anterior ; the cusp springing 

 from its inner base is reduced to a minimum, and the tubercular 

 portion is very feebly developed. 



• Osteographie, Article Hyena, p. 27. 

 t Oss. Foss. torn. iv. p. 236, 4to. 1823. 



N.H.R— 1865. 



