THE FAUNA OF SPITSBERGEN. 175 



Larus tridactylus Uria grylle 



„ glaucus Alca bruennichii 



Lestris parasitica Mergulus alle 



Procellaria glacialis Mormon arcticus [?]* 



That is to say there is no bird of prey domiciled in the country ; 

 only one Passerine, one Easorial, three G-rallse, and seventeen 

 Swimmers. Of these all occur, more or less frequently, in other 

 parts of Europe, excepting only the Lagopus, which appears to be 

 pecuKar to Spitsbergen, though Mr. Malmgren does not speak very 

 positively as to its specific distinction. Of the stragglers, or un- 

 authenticated species, we need not here say anything. 



In Mammals the Spitsbergen Fauna is proportionately richer, 

 the Seals and Cetaceans, as might be expected, predominating. It 

 is pretty nearly certain that no E/odent inhabits the country, and 

 whence the single specimen — a skeleton only — of Arvicola hudsonius, 

 which was found by Parry's expedition on a floe of ice, in latitude 

 81° 45', came, must remain a matter of conjecture. Mr. Malmgren 

 is inclined to take old Frederick Martens' second sort of *' Butskopf " 

 — but with a back fin three times as high as that of a " Bottle-head'* 

 — ^for Orca gladiator, a species said to be sometimes seen between 

 the coasts of Norway and Spitsbergen, but which was not 

 observed about the latter by the Swedish expedition. Cystophora 

 cristata has been obtained on Bear Island, but not further north, 

 though it is considered that it may occasionally wander to the lati- 

 tude of 76° — the scarcity of large fish, on which it chiefly feeds, 

 being the probable cause of its absence. The Mammals of Spits- 

 bergen, which appear certain to our critical author, are these : — 



Ursus maritimus Cervus tarandus 



Canis lagopus Delphinapterus leucas 



Odobsenus rosmarus Monodon monoceros 



Phoca barbata Chaenocetus rostratus 



„ groenlandica Balaenoptera gigas 



„ hispida „ rostrata 

 Balcena mysticetus, which in former days was so numerous, now 



never shows itself on these coasts. How long will it be before the 

 Walrus, in like manner, disappears ? 



* We preserve Mr. Malmgren's nomenclature ; but we have appended a query 

 to the names of three species, about the identification of which, we think, some doubts 

 may yet exist. 



