340 



THE NATURAL HISTOET EETIEW. 



The article ' Parasites,' by Mr. Busk, written for Holmes' System 

 of Surgery, contains a general account of the human Helminths, 

 with special reference to those forms, happily few in number, which 

 give rise to morbid changes requiring the aid of the surgeon. We 

 may add that Dr. Cobbold has dedicated his book to Mr. Busk, who 

 has, indeed, contributed several of its illustrations. 



Dr. Cobbold's book is divided into two Parts, the first treating 

 of Scolecida in general, the second of human Helminths in par- 

 ticular. 



The first Part (142 pages) contains a general survey of the 

 families of Turlellaria and Entozoa, arranged imder their several 

 orders in one class, Helmintha. All the genera are mentioned by 

 name, and a few of the more important forms belonging to each 

 order of E?itozoa have been selected for illustration. 



The following is the arrangement of Helminths submitted by 

 Dr. Cobbold:— 



HELMINTHA. 



(Class.) 



Sterelmintha. 

 (Sub-class I.) 



CCELELMINTHA. 



(Sub-class II.) 



Anenteeelmintha. 



(Sub-class III.) 

 \ 



Turhellaria. 



(Ord. I.) 



Trematoda. 



(Ord. 2.) 



Nematoda. 

 (Ord. 3.) 



AcantJiocepJiala. 

 (Ord. 4.) 

 Cestoda. 

 (Ord. 5.) 



ENTOZOA. 



Here the Cestoidea are separated far from the Trematoda^ to which 

 in structure they are allied, and placed in a sub-class with the 

 Acanthocephala, distinguished by the negative character of wanting 

 a digestive system. To the use of the word Sterelmintha we object, 

 as it is not truly applicable to most of the forms so designated. Nor 

 do we see any reason for altering the spelling of two of Eudolphi's 

 names. The association of the Turlellaria and Trematoda in. one 

 group, not including the Cestoidea^ was suggested long since by 

 Milne Edwards and Blanchard. The last mentioned naturalist gave 

 the title of ' Ane vermes ' to such an assemblage. 



The first chapter, after some introductory remarks, closes with a 

 brief survey of the Turhellaria. Then follow two chapters on the 



