350 THE TfATUKAL HISTORY llETIEW. 



with one another, and differing much in habit, have revealed them- 

 selves at times in an unexpected manner, together with other evi- 

 dences of disease, in the same subject. 



Of Entozoa indirectly injurious to man, because of their affect- 

 ing, in extraordinary abundance, valuable domestic animals whose 

 death or deteriorated condition they seem to cause, by far the most 

 noteworthy are the 'fluke- worm' of the sheep, the scolex which 

 induces the disease called ' staggers' in the same animal, and the 

 scolex which gives rise to the 'measled' condition of pork. The 

 first of these scolices is derived from one of the six species of 

 tape-worm which infest the dog; the other is identical with the 

 ci/sticercus-Btage of Tcenia solium. Here also we may mention the 

 nematode worm, Sclerostoma syngamus, which causes the * gape- 

 disease' in our domestic fowls. An interesting description of this 

 species is given in the first Part of Dr. Cobbold's work. 



Dr. Cobbold has added a third, or supplemental Part, on 

 '* Spurious Helminthology." The first chapter of this Part contains 

 detailed descriptions of the two species of Fentast07nata found oc- 

 casionally in the body of man. One of these (P. constrictum) is only 

 known, as a human parasite, in its larval condition, which is, however, 

 sufficiently distinct from the corresponding stage in the development 

 of P. tcenioides. 



The second, and concluding chapter, is devoted to an enumera- 

 tion of the principal ' Pseudo-entozoa,' which have, from time to 

 time, perplexed medical practitioners. Some of these are genuine 

 Helminths, not belonging to man, which, through accident or design, 

 have been placed in conditions of such a nature as to cause their 

 being mistaken for human parasites. Others belong to different 

 classes of the Annulose sub-kingdom, as the Annelida or Insecta. 

 The Dactylius aculeatus of Curling, for example, is, doubtless, a true 

 Annelid. Dr. Cobbold has given a long excerpt from the Kev. J. P. 

 Hope's list of Insects or their larvae, cases of the occasional parasitism 

 of which within our bodies have been recorded. Eejecting many 

 of these as truly spurious, some still remain, the authenticity of 

 which it is not easy to disbelieve. 



A word should be said in praise of the beautiful series of figures 

 which serve to illustrate Dr. Cobbold's volume. Besides several 

 woodcuts, no fewer than twenty-one tinted plates, each containing 

 a number of separate drawings, are given. Altogether there is 



