460 THE NATTJEAL HISTOKT EEVIEW. 



Of the "Woodpeckers (JPicidce) the common "Wryneck {J]^na 

 torquilla) and 7 species of the typical group !Picince are inserted in 

 Herr Eadde's list. Six of the latter are well-known European 

 species — the remaining one being Ficus mitcJiellii, Malherbe, hereto- 

 fore known as Chinese, which was obtained by Dr. "Wulfius at Port 

 Bruce — the most southern Eussian harbour upon the eastern coast of 

 Mantchuria. 



The families Alcedinidss, CoraciidsB and Upupida? have each a 

 single representative in S.E. Siberia — namely, Alcedo bengalensis — 

 the eastern form of A. ispida — Eurystomus orient alis, and Upupa 

 epops. The Eurystomus although well-known as a summer visitant 

 to China,* but not hitherto recorded further north, was obtained by 

 Dr. "Wulfius, on the South-Mantchurian coast. 



"We now enter the great Order Oscine!?, so abundant in genera 

 and species, and commence it with the family of Larks (Alaudidae), 

 which are most abundant on the high steppes of Mongolia. Eour 

 species are given by our author — of which one only, the Alauda 

 mongolica, Pallas, is extra-European. This fine lark, which is a 

 near ally of the, well-known Calandre-lark of the Continent, is 

 a favourite cage-bird throughout China, and has, we believe, upon 

 more than one occasion been brought thence alive to Europe. The 

 Shore-lark ( Otocorys alpestris) is a permanent resident in these parts, 

 breeding on the lowlands surrounding Lake Baikal, and passing the 

 Tvinter in little flocks on the high steppes of Daui'ia, where it haunts 

 the edges of the salt lakes. Herr Eadde gives a figure of the immature 

 plumage of this bird, of which, however, he did not succeed in dis- 

 covering the nest. 



"We next eoter upon the family of Pinches {Fringillidce) , of which 

 33 species occur in S.E. Siberia. The first 15 of these belong to the 

 group of Buntings (Emberizinse), one of the most beautiful and 

 characteristic forms of the Palsearctic Ornis. Amongst them are two 

 of especial interest — Emheriza elegans, as having only hitherto been 

 known from Japan, but found abundant and breeding, by Eadde on 

 the Bureja-mountains, and E. cJirysoplirys, hardly known since the 

 time of its describer, Pallas, except from a specimen obtained by 

 Mr. Swinhoe, near Pekin, and a stray individual recorded, by De 

 Selys-Longchamps,t as having been taken in Belgium. Ad other of 

 these Siberian Buntings — Emheriza pitsilla, Pallas, has also lately dis- 

 tinguished itself by appearing for the first time in England, J and 



* See Swinhoe in P. Z. S. 1863, p. 269. f Faune Beige, p. 81. 



J See Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 377. 



