446 Ulrich Gerhardt, 



Instinkt", von dem wiederholt die Rede war. Die kurzen Angaben 

 von Hankock über die offenbar sehr interessanten Begattungsg-ewohn- 

 heiten von Oecanthus verdienen es, erweitert und ergänzt zu werden, 

 insbesondere wären Beobachtungen an Oecanthus pelluceus dringend 

 erwünscht. 



b) GrijUotalpa vulgaris h. 



Über die Begattung von Gryllotalpa liegen einige ältere, sehr 

 allgemeine, kurze Angaben vor, nach denen sich dieser Vorgang im 

 Juni oder Juli nachts über der Erde abspielen soll. Genaue An- 

 gaben hat Baumgartner (2) im Jahre 1911 gemacht, die ich wört- 

 lich wiedergebe, weil nach ihnen die Copulation und die Spermato- 

 pliore von Gryllotalpa von allem abweichen würde, was bisher von 

 den Grylliden bekannt ist. 



„The courting is somewhat similar to that in Gryllus. The 

 male calls the $ with loud, long chirps. As she approaches tlie 

 chirps become short and much softer. He then frequently turns 

 the abdomen towards her. As the pair get ready to copulate the 

 Position assumed is quite different from that of any other animals of 

 which I know. They turn posterior end to posterior end, and ventral 

 side to ventral side, so that the cloacal openings ai'e just opposite 

 each other. The ? Stands erect with her abdomen slightly raised, 

 while the c^ lies on his back. The abdomens are tightly held together 

 by hooks. . . . The sperm were carried to the $ by a spermato- 

 phore. The time it takes for the transfer is not over a minute; 

 but the pair kept their relative position, the abdomens simply 

 touching each other, for more then 10 minutes. After disturbance 

 the (^ followed the $ and again assumed tliis relative position, but 

 no further transfer of a spermatophore occurred." 



„As the vesicle was being transferred, or just after it had been 

 put in place, there was an outflow of some transparent fluid on 

 either side of the vesicle. This soon hardened. It is this part of 

 the apparatus that the $ was chewing. The spermatophore was found 

 to consist of an oval ampulla which contained the sperm in the 

 cavity at the center. At one end of the ampulla there is a pro- 

 jection by which the apparatus is held in the vagina, and through 

 which the sperma are carried into the spermatotheca. On either 

 side of this projection is an irregularly shaped mass formed by 

 the above-mentioned outflowing fluid during the transfer. The 2 sides 

 are unlike, as part of one side was puUed and eaten away by the 



