206 6. Vererbungslehre. 



560) Bulloch, W. and P. Fildes, Haemophilia. 



(Treasury of Human Inheritance [being Eugenics Laboratory Memoirs XII] Heft 5 u. 6. 

 p. 169—354. [18 plates; 17 of pedigrees and 1 map.] 1911.) 



This is an exhaustive account of Haemophilia, both as regards its medical 

 aspect and its inheritance, collected from medical literature. 235 pedigrees 

 are figured, some of them very large and extending through as many as eight 

 generations, and nearly 100 pages are devoted to detailed description of these. 

 Further, about 950 records of cases of this or similar disease are summarised 

 from medical Journals, the more important of these being treated more fully 

 in the pedigrees. 27 pages of Introduction are devoted to a discussion of the 

 nature of haemophilia, its possible confusion with other affections, its here- 

 ditary transmission, Symptoms and pathology. It is concluded that it may be 

 defined as "an inherited tendency in males to bleed" profusely from small 

 wounds, which in normal individuals would heal rapidly. It is commonly accom- 

 panied by articular effusions, especially of the knee, and by other Symptoms. 

 A few cases of the affection in females are recorded in the pedigrees, but the 

 authors show that true haemophilia has frequently been confused with other 

 affections, and in one case which is dealt which very fully it is clear that 

 the diagnosis of haemophilia was incorrect. The authors conclude that females 

 are not affected. The common mode of hereditary transmission is from nor- 

 mal females of affected stock to some or all of their sons. Exceptions to this 

 occur here and there in the pedigrees, but the authors separate from the 

 235 f amilies 75 in which the evidence is more complete, and divide these 

 into 44 which are more trustworthy than the remaining 31. In these selected 

 cases there is only one instance of transmission direct from father to son 

 (with one more in which the parents were first cousins). The authors believe 

 that the disease is never transmitted by an affected male, but there are several 

 cases of transmission through daughters to male grand children,, such as is 

 known to occur in other sex-limited affections, and there appears to be no 

 reason to reject these as untrustvvorthy. 



It appears that some females transmit to all their sons, others to some 

 only, and others in affected families not at all. Affected males rarely leave 

 children, so that it is difficult to say whether as a rule all thair daughters 

 transmit, but some predigrees suggest that they do not [the authors believe 

 they never do so]. 



It is pointed out that there is unusual fertility in the women of 'bleeder' 

 families, and that the ratio of male to female children in remarkably high 

 (over 1200 males: 1000 females). 



The geographical distribution, diagnosis, and pathology of the disease is 

 discussed; its cause is probably decreased coagulability of the blood, but whe- 

 ther from defective calcium metabolism, diminished number of leucocytes 

 (which is observed), lack of fibrinoplastic substances, or from other causes, is 

 not conclusively determined. Doncaster (Cambridge). 



561) Blaringhem, L., Les regles de Naudin et les lois de Mendel 

 relatives ä la disjonction des descendances hybrides. 



(C. R. Academie des Sciences. 152,2. p. 100—102. 1911.) 

 L'auteur a fait sur les hybrides quelques observations qui justihent les 

 regles de Naudin, mais mettent en defaut les lois de Mendel. 



C. L. Gatin (Paris). 



562) McDougal, D. T., Organic responce. 



(Science, N. S. 33,838. p. 94-101. 1911.) 

 Zusammenfassende Betrachtungen über die Resultate der experimentellen 



