b PROCEEDINGS OF TPIE ACADEMY OF 



(1820.) Temminck, Man. Orn., ii. — Genus Phahris instituted, witli psillacula 

 Pall, as type ; containing this species and crktatella Pall. 



(1821.) Naumann, Isis, p. 779, pi. 7. — The three known species of Fraiercula 

 ("Mormon," 111.) are reviewed, with figures of the heads. A fourth species, 

 Mormon corniculatum, is added. (Species now twenty-two.) 



(1823.) LiCHTENSTEiN, Verzeichniss, etc. — Alca camlsch&tica Lepechen is re- 

 named " Mormon superciliosum." A certain " Uria Mandtii " is established, 

 which is frequently quoted as a synonym of Uria coluiiiba, but appears to be 

 rather an imperfect state of plumage oi yrylle. 



(1824-5.) Stephens. Continuation of Shaw's Gen. Zool., xii., xiii.— The species 

 of the sub-family Urinic are all included in the genus Uria ; the type of the 

 genus — grylle — is re-named " scapularis." Phaleris Temm. is adopted for the 

 Starikis, comprehending p.?//?(/f?</rt, tetracnla, cristatclla and " pygnifea," the 

 latter being the same as Gmelin's species of that name. Fratercula Briss. is 

 adopted for the Puffins, though SynthUborumphus antiquns is included in the 

 same genus. F. glacialis Leach appears.* Ray's specific name for Mergulus 

 alle — melanoleucus— is adopted. Utamania n. g.,-j- based upon A. torda, is in- 

 stituted ; Alca " pica " is also ranged under it as a valid species, — making its 

 last appearance upon the ornithological stage. (Species now twenty-three.) 



(1827.) Bonaparte, Zoological Journal, iii. — Alca monoccrata Pall., redes- 

 cribed as " Phaleris cerorhynca.'' 



(1828.) Bonaparte, Syn. Birds U. S. in Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y. ii. — Alca 

 monocerata Pall, redescribed as " Cerorhinca occidentalis.'' In a foot note, 

 under head of " Phaleris cristatclla Temm.," Bonaparte quotes : "Alca cristatella 

 et pygniaea, crested or flat-billed Auk, Lath. syn. iii. pi. 95, fig. 4. Phaleris 

 cristatella PL Color. No. 200.]; Alca cristatella Vieill. Gal. Ois. p. 297." (!) 



(1828.) Vigors, Zooloyical Journal, iv. — " Uria brevirostris" named. This is 

 undoubtedly the young of a previously known species of Brachyrhamphus, but 

 has never been positively identified. It is usually regarded as the young B. 

 marmoraius. 



(1829.) EscHSCHOLTZ, Zoological Atlas. — Genus Chimerina instituted upon 

 Alca monocerata, Pall., and the species called " Chimerina cornuta." Genus 

 Ombria instituted upon Alca, psittacula, Pall., upon which Temminck had pre- 

 viously based his Phaleris. 



(1829.) Kaup. . — Genus Cyclorrhynchus instituted upon Alca /».s!7/«ci(?a 



Pall. (Fide G. R. Gray.) 



( ?) Temminck, Planches Coloriees. (No. 579). — "Uria" Wurmizusume des- 

 cribed and figured. (Species now twenty-four.) 



(1837 ) Brandt, Bull. Sc. Acad. Tmper. St. Petersburg, ii. — During the time 

 between the close of Dr. Pallas' labors and the appearance of Prof. Brandt's 

 paper there was a great deal of subdividing and re-arranging of the Alcidx, and 

 much sawing of the air in a variety of ways ; but, beyond the addition of three 

 species, nothing new or specially noteworthy was put forth. Prof. Brandt 

 originates a new classification of the Auks, (the first one which lays claim to 

 any truly scientific character), institutes several new genera, and describes four 

 new species, besides re-naming some others. 



The Auks are primarily divided into two " tribes," called " Pterorhiues " and 

 " Gymnorhines." Under the former are ranged the true Auks, the Guillemots, 

 and the Sea-dove ; the latter comprehends all the rest of the family. The cha- 

 racter is found in the feathering or nakedness of the nostrils. This scheme is 

 spoken of more at length further on, and therefore need not be here criticised. 



* This species must have been previously named elsewhere, since Naumann has it in 

 the Isis in 1821; perhaps in the Trans. Linn. Soc. of 1818, or thereabouts, 

 t Named in 1816. 

 t PI. Color. No. 200 represents camtschatica Lepechin, not cristatella Pallas. 



[Jan. 



