NATURAL SCIENCES OP PHILADELPHIA. 73 



mirror on wing coverts. Nearly divided in two by a broad rather curved ob- 

 lique line of blackish. No white on under wing coverts, these being grayish- 

 brown. Bill and claws black. Mouth and feet yermillion red, tinged with 

 carmine. "Iris white " (label). 



Length 13-00; extent 23-00 ; wing V-OO ; tail 2-20; tarsus 1-25; middle toe 

 and claw 1-90, outer do. the same, inner do. 1-45; bill along culmen 1-20, 

 along rictus 1-80, along gonys -65 ; depth at base -40 ; width -30. 



This species closely resembles U.grylle; but differs in being upon an average 

 larger, the wing particularly longer ; the bill stouter, straighter, more obtuse 

 at the point ; and the marking of the wings different, as above described. The 

 changes of plumage and the individual variations, as exhibited in the large 

 series of specimens examined, and entirely parallel with those of UriagrjiUe. 



It is worthy of note that this species occurs, in summer, upon the Pacific 

 coast of America, much south of the corresponding latitudes on the Atlantic 

 coasts frequented at this season by U. grylle. 



One of the earliest indications, if not the first, of this species, may be recog- 

 nized in the variety of the Black Guillemot from Kamtschatka, described by 

 Pennant. This is said to have a white oblique line issuing from the white 

 spot on the wing. The var. B of grylle of Latham and Donndorflf is the same 

 bird. Pallas appears to be the first to bestow a specific name. The question 

 involved in the Uria Mandtii, Licht., has already been considered in the pre- 

 ceding article. 



Uria carbo, (Pall.) Brandt. 



Cepphtcs carbo, VMas, Zoog. R.-A. ii, 1811, p. 350, pi. 79. " C. tridactylus, 



totus niger, orbites albis," etc. 

 Uria {Grylle) carho, Brandt, Bull. Acad. St. Petersb. ii, 1837, p. 346. " Tota 



nigra, pedibus rubris, orbita et stria ab orbites pone oculos ducta albis." 

 Uria [Cephus) carho, Bonaparte, Comptes Rendus, 1856, xlii, p. 774. 

 Uria carbo, Gray, Genera Birds, 1849, p. 644. Cassin, Baird's B. N. A. 1858, 



p. 913. pi. 97. Quotes Reich. Vollst. Naturg. Aves., pi. 375, fig. 2937. Cassin, 



Pr. A. N. S. Philada. 1862, p. 323 (Japan). 

 Alca carbo, Schlegel, Urinatores Mus. Pays-Bas, livr. ix, 1867, p. 17. 



" In oceano orientale circa insulas Aleuticas, praesertim Unalaschka " 



(Pallas), Kamtschatka (Mus. Acad. Philada.), Japan (Mus. Smiths. Inst.) 

 Sp. Cli. — Larger than grylle and columba ; the bill especially larger, stouter 



and straighter. Feathers of nasal foss^ and those around base of lower man- 

 dible whitish. A 

 conspicuous white 

 area around eyes, 

 and extending an 

 inch or so behind 

 them. No white 

 on either surface 

 of wings. Rest of 

 plumage brown- 

 ish-black, becom- 

 ing ashy black on 

 the under parts ; 

 perhaps deep 



Fig. 15. — ?/>-tacar6o.— Nat. size. plumbeous black, 



with a shade of greenish, in more mature specimens than those examined. 



Bill black. Legs and feet chrome yellow, tinged with vermillion, webs cpral 



red in the dried state ; probably vermillion or carmine red in life. 



Length 14 to 15 inches; wing 7-75; tail 2-50; culmen 1-55; commissure 



2-20 ; from feathers on side of lower mandible to tip 1-50, tarsus 1-36 ; middle 



toe and claw 2-10, outer 2-00, inner 1-60. 



1868.] 



