g4 Experimentelle Morphologie, Transplantation. 



It is suggested that the suspensor represents the last trace of a filamentous 

 juvenile stage in the development of the plant, and that it may have persisted in 

 the embryos of seed-plants from their fern ancestiy. Gates. 



195) Chauveautl, L., La Constitution et l'evolution morphologique du corps 

 chez les plantes vasculaires. In: C. R. Acad. Sc. Paris, Bd. 158, Heft 5, S. 343— 

 346, 1914. 



L'auteux admet que le eorps des plantes vasculaires est forme par une serie d'ele- 

 ments, qu'il appelle des phyllorhizes et qui sont constitues par une feuille et une racine, 

 ces elements se soudent ensembles, mais demeurent plus ou moins distincts dans le 

 teinps et dans 1'espace. Leur partie commune constitue la tige. Gratin. 



196) Gray, J. ? The Electrical Conductivity of Fertilized and Unfer- 

 tilized Eggs. In: Journ. Marine Biol. Soc, Bd. 10, Heft 1, S. 50—59, 1913. 



The author measured the electrical resistance of unfertilized eggs of Echi- 

 nus acutus, E. csculentus, E. miliaris and Asterias glacialis; a small quantity of 

 sperm was then added and the resistance measured again at various times from 

 2 to 44 minutes later. The methods used and the precautions against error are 

 described. The results show that the resistance shortly after fertilization is con- 

 stantly lower, by amounts varying from about 3 to nearly 30 percent, than in 

 the unfertilized eggs. The increase of conductivity attains its maximum within 

 about 10 minutes after fertilization, and the resistance then increases again so 

 that after 20 — 40 minutes it approaches or reaches the figure found in the same 

 eggs before fertilization. Discussion of the meaning of these results is postponed 

 to a later paper in which it is intended to embody additional observations. 



Doncaster. 



197) Gortlier, R. A., Studies on the Chemistry of Embryonic Growth. 

 I. Certain Changes in the Nitrogen Ratios of Developing Trout 

 Eggs. In: Journ. Amer. Chem. Soc, Vol. XXXV, Nr. 5, 1913. 



In a study of the various fractions of nitrogen in developing trout eggs it 

 was found that probably no nitrogen is lost from the egg up to the time of 

 hatching. After hatching the loss of nitrogen proceeds rapidly, until at the end 

 of 21 days after hatching 21.96% of the total nitrogen in the egg has been 

 lost. The eggs lose 25.35% of their dry weight during the development from 

 the egg to the fish, 37.26% of this loss being due to non-proteins (fats, etc.), and 

 62.73 °/ to proteins. During the process of development, basic nitrogen incre- 

 ases in the egg at the expense of the mon-amino acid nitrogen. It is shown that 

 the hypothesis postulated by Tangl and Farkas to account for the energy of de- 

 velopment of the trout egg is incorrect, in as much as no considerable quantities 

 of either urea or uric acid are formed during the development of the egg. There 

 is a selective utilization of the various nitrogen fractions by the developing fish, 

 as is shown by the composition of the nitrogen lost. It seems probable that 

 some of the energy of development (Entwicklungsarbeit) comes from the shift- 

 ing of the nitrogen ratios, as development proceeds. In the change from mon- 

 amino acid nitrogen to basic nitrogen the energy relations may be changed and 

 heat liberated, but at present this is only a hypothesis. Pearl. 



Experimentelle Morphologie, Transplantation. 



198) Doposckeg-Uhlär, J., Studien zur Verlaubung und Verknollung 

 von Sproßanlagen bei Wasserkultur. In: Flora, Bd. VI, Heft 2, S. 216 

 bis 236, 1913. 



Bei früheren Versuchen mit Stecklingen von Ächimenes (Gesneracee) hatte 



