248 Physiologie der Zellen, Gewebe und Organe. 



cellules adipeuses, mais elaborant de la cire, et leur etat dependant dans une etroite 

 mesure de l'alimentation de l'Insecte. Apres l'injection d'un repas riche en graisse 

 ou apres injection d'huile d'olive ou de savon alcalin dans le sang de l'Insecte, 

 les cerodecytes se chargent de grains de secretion, et l'auteur pense que ces 

 grains sont en rapport avec la formation des cristaux de cire abondants chez 

 l'animal bien nourri. Le jeüne assure au contraire une rapide diminution du vo- 

 lume de l'«oenocyte». 



Apres ingestion par l'Insecte de quelques colorants vitaux (rouge-neutre, 

 bleu de Methylene ou brun Bismarck, certains granules lipoides se colorent dans 

 le cytoplasma des cerodecytes. Ce n'est point lä un plienomene d'excretion, mais 

 seulement un fait d'absorption et de dissolution. Le meme plienomene se produit 

 lorsque l'Insecte absorbe avec sa nourriture naturelle des pigments lipochromes; 

 ceux ci se dissolvent d'abord dans le cytoplasma cellulaire puis se condensent sur 

 les granulations lipoides en donnant ä la cellule sa teinte jaune, rougeätre ou 

 brun verdätre. 



Pendant la metamorphose, pendant le jeüne ou apres la ponte, la cire de 

 ces elements disparait comme la graisse des cellules adipeuses. Les oenocytes 

 contiennent du glycogene et Hollande pense qu'ils sont egalement capable d'ac- 

 cumuler de grandes quantites d'eau. Faure-Fremiet. 



752) Larsen, C. and Bailey, D. E., Effect of Alkali Water on Dairy 

 Co ws. In: Bull., Nr. 147, Agr. Expt. Sta. South Dakota, S. 300—325, 1913. 



The drinking of alkali water by the cows did not produce what is known 

 as the "alkali disease" nor even the slightest indication of it. The feces became 

 soft when the cows first started drinking the water, but soon resumed a normal 

 texture. The post-mortem examination and analyses of the vital organs of the 

 cows in these experimental revealed nothing abnormal. The principal mineral in 

 the alkali water is sodium sulphate. About three-fourths of it is eliminated trough 

 the kidneys. Cows fed on alkali water voided more urine than did the cows re- 

 ceiving normal water, even though they drank less water. The urine was incre- 

 ased from 114.6 to 151.4 pounds during the 10 day periods by reason of drink- 

 ing alkali water. This increase in urine Output took place in spite of a decrease 

 of 148 pounds in the amount of water drunk during the same period. The per- 

 cent of ash constituents in the urine is increased by feeding alkali water to the 

 cows. Pearl. 



753) Pearl, Raymond, Constants for Normal Variation in the Fat Con- 

 tent of Mixed Milk. In: Ann. Rept. Maine Agr. Expt. Sta., S. 299—305, 1913. 



A biometric analysis of certain data regarding the composition of the mixed 

 milk of a large herd of dairy cows leads to the following results respecting 

 fat content. 



In general the percentage content of fat is lowest in the morning milk. 

 Without exception the absolute amount of fat is greatest in the morning milk, 

 least in the evening milk, an intermediate in amount at the midday milking. 

 The difference between morning and evening milk in percentage fat content is 

 significantly smaller in March and October, than in May and July. Taking into 

 consideration the total day's milk it is seen that the percentage fat content 

 rises steadily from March through October. The greater part of this increase in 

 mean fat percentage occurred between July and October, indicating that pasture 

 conditions (not necessarily feed alone) were a significant factor in producing the 



