8. Abstammungslehre. 479 



par voie sexuee, et il forme des bulbilles a la place des fleurs qui n'auraient 

 pas la possibilitc dVtre t'ecomltes ei n'auraient ni le temps, ni la tempcrature 

 necessairea pour la maturation des graines. C. L. Gatin (Paris). 



995) Lutz, Ad., Dipterologische Notizen. 



(Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 2,1. p. 58 — 03. 1910.) 

 Vorkommen und Flugzeit von Diotomineura longipennis Ricardo; das 

 Vorkommen melanotischer Exemplare von Sarkophaga und Stomoxys; Sarko- 

 phagaarten von Säo Paolo. Schilling (Berlin). 



996) Fulda, L., Weiße Amseln. (Kl. Mitteilg.) 



(Zoologischer Beobachter 51,6. p. 181. 1910.) 

 Im Widerspruch zu Otto bemerkt Fulda, daß gescheckte, d. h. teilweise 

 weiß gefärbte Schwarzdrosseln z. B. um und in Berlin relativ häufig sind. 



Wolterstorff (Magdeburg). 



997) Thomson, J. A., E. S. Russell and D. L. Mackinnon, Alcyo- 

 narians of the Percy Sladen Trust Expedition. 



(Trans, of Linnaean Soc. 13,2. p. 139—211. 8 plates. 1910.) 



A systematic paper on the Axifera and Stolonifera collected in the Indian 

 Ocean. The following points are of biological interest. Among the Axifera, 

 striking convergence was found between species not nearly related, but growing 

 together, e. q. Acamptogorgia Ceylonensis with Muriceila purpurea, 

 and A. gracilis with M. rubra. 



In Muricella complanata there is great colour-variability, white yellow, 

 pink etc. 



The colour, the number of rows of polyps, and in some cases the form 

 of the spicules, are not safe indications of specific distinction. 



In Cespitularia coerulea the grass-green colour seems to be due to 

 Zoochlorellae. Doncaster (Cambridge). 



998) Fletcher, T. B., Lepidoptera of Percy Sladen Trust Expedition 

 (Indian Ocean). 



(Trans, of Linnaean Soc. 13,2. p. 265—323. 1910.) 



A systematic account of the Lepidoptera (exclusive of Tortricidae and 

 Tineidae) of the Chagos, Seychelles, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. 

 The means of dispersal are discussed, and it is concluded that winds and 

 storms are by far the most important agents in carrying Lepidoptera to oceanic 

 Islands; human agency is important with some species, and a Tineid associa- 

 ted with sea-birds may be carried by them. If a prevailing wind is associated 

 with heavy rain-fall, its dispersing capacity is reduced. 



In the Chagos Is., of the non-endemic species, 9 are common to African, 

 Indian, and Australian regions, but since there are no exclusively African 

 species, these may have been introduced from Ceylon or Malayan regions. Four 

 are African and Indian, five Indian, four Indian and Australian, and one 

 peculiar to the Australian region, which must have arrived by Christmas and 

 Cocos-Keeling Islands. 



In the Seychelles the Lepidoptera are predominantly African, a few species 

 are Indo-Australian. 



In Coetivy of twenty species all but six occur in the Seychelles, and the 

 remainder are African or Madagascar. No butterfiies are known, though only 

 90 miles from Platte Island to the north where 2 species occur; perhaps be- 

 cause north winds are associated with rain. Doncaster (Cambridge). 



