Echinoderma. 211 



Verf. betont für das Seengebiet das Zusammenkommen ganz verschiedener Ele- 

 mente aus nord-südlicher Richtung; eine ähnliche Besiedelung von verschiedenen 

 Seiten her hat auch Carl für die Diplopoden-Arten dieses Gebietes nachgewiesen 

 (Revue Suisse de Zool. vol. 17, S. 285—290. 1909). J. Carl (Geni). 



736) Beriier, Beobachtungen an Paludina vivijiara. In: Monhf. f. d. naturw. 

 ünterr., S. 506, 1912. 



Die Beobachtungen erstrecken sich auf den Geburtsakt und das Verhalten von 

 Jungen, die infolge eines Unfalles vorzeitig zur Welt kamen. 



Loeser (Dillingen ad. Saar). 



737) Vernhoiit, J. H., Petricola pholadiformis Lam. on the Dutch coast. In: 

 Notes Leyden Museum, Bd. 34, S. 240—242, 1912. 



Hierzu: Nr 498, 542, 543, 546. 



Echinoderma. 



738) Clark, A. H., Seventeen new East Indian Crinoids belonging to the Fa- 

 milies Comasteridae and Zygometridae. In: Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., XXV, 

 S. 17—28, März 1912. 



Beschreibung von 17 neuen Arten von Haarsternen, die sämtlich von Max Weber 

 auf der Siboga Expedition im ostindischen Archipel entdeckt wurden. Für Actinometra 

 difftcilis Carpenter wird die Gattung Palaeocomatelki geschaffen. 



C. E. Hellmayr (München). 



739) Clark, A. H., Six new East Indian Crinoids belonging to the Family 

 Charitometridae. In: Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., XXV, S. 77—84, April 1912. 



Sechs neue Haarsterne von der Sibogareise nach Niederländisch Indien. Sie ge- 

 hören den Gattungen Pachylometra, Glyptometra und Strotometra an. 



C. E. Hellmayr (München). 



740) Clark, A. H., Preliminary Descriptions of Eleven new Crinoids belon- 

 ging to the Families Himerometridae, Mariametridae, and Colobometri- 

 dae, discovered by the "Siboga" in the Dutch East Indies. In: Ann. Mag. 

 Nat. Hist. (8), Vol. X, S. 31—41, 1912. 



741) Colgan, N., Self-evisceration in the Asteroidea. In: Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 

 (8), vol. X, S. 282—286, 1912. 



Evisceration took place in specimens of Cribrella ocidata in captivity. Doubtful 

 whether it is a normal or a morbid process. Borradaile (Cambridge). 



742) Gemmill, J.F., The locomotor function of the Lantern in Echinus, 

 with Observations on other AUied Lantern Activities. In: Proc. 

 Roy. Soc. London, Ser. B., Vol. 85, S. 84—108, 1912. 



The lantern is used in locomotion by nieans of a poling action, in which it 

 acts as a lever of the third order, the tips of the teeth being at the fulcrum. 

 The teeth are thrust out and forwards. The shell is then lifted upon them and 

 moved tili the weight comes to lie in front of the fulcrum. It then falls for- 

 wards and is pushed on by further protrusion of the teeth. The lantern is after- 

 wards retracted and swung forwards to repeat the process. Progression may be 

 by means of the lantern, of the spines, of both together, or of the tube-feet. 

 Out of water the lantern is the principal means of locomotion. Under Avater it 

 is less often used. It is also used in feeding (the principal use), boring, and for- 

 ced respiration, its protrusion and retraction defiating and inflating the gills by 

 altering the pressure with in the shell. In the same way it may aid in defe- 

 cation and the maintenance of turgidity in the cavities of the body. 



Borradaile (CambridgeX 

 14* 



