Insecta. 265 



Insecta. 



874) Hilbers, R., Puppenkammer eines vorweltlichen Insekts. In: Umschau, 

 S. 25—26, 2 Abb., 1913. 



In oligocaenem Nadelholz aus der Nähe von Senaburg wurden zwei Puppenkammern 

 gefunden. Die Höhe von 48 mm weist auf ein großes Insekt hin. Hilbers schließt auf 

 den Weidenbohrer. Loeser (Dillingen a. d. Saar). 



875) Scott, H., A contribution to the knowledge of the fauna of Bro- 

 meliaceae: including descriptions of new insects by W, L. Distant 

 and the late R. Shelford. In: Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (ser. 8), Bd. X, Heft 10, 

 S. 424—438, Taf. 10, 1912. 



This paper deals with the fauna found between the bases of leaves of epi- 

 phytic Bromeliaceae. A short summary is first given of what is known of this 

 fauna, and of the fauna found between leaf-bases of tropical monocotyledonous 

 plants in general. Mention is made of the work of Picado on the peculiar en- 

 vironmental conditions, the constant presence of moisture between the leaf-bases, 

 the absence of putrefaction in the ordinary sense, etc. Reference to the works 

 of Calvert and Ohaus shows the varied nature of the bromeliadicolous fauna: it 

 includes Dermaptera, Blattidae and other Orthoptera, larvae of Odonates (including 

 the remarkable Mecistogaster) and of Trichoptera, ants, Coleoptera and cole- 

 opterous larvae of raany families, lepidopterous larvae, dipterous larvae of several 

 f amilies, and Hemiptera; and in addition to these many forms of insects, it also 

 includes spiders, phalangids, scorpions, pseudoscorpions, myriapods, Peripatus, Iso- 

 pod Crustacea, earthworms, planarians, snails, frogs, and even snakes. It is also 

 Seen that the fauna is largely amphibious or aquatic. 



An account is then given of the writer's own search for bromeliadicoli 

 in epiphytic Tillandsia etc., in the mountain-forests of Trinidad and Dominica 

 (West-Indies). A number of forms were found, showing very clearly the largely 

 aquatic or amphibious nature of the fauna. They include, besides frogs and Odonate 

 larvae, a Dytiscid water-beetle {^Äglymhis), whose allies are found in terrestrial 

 waters; large numbers of coleopterous larvae, of the subfamily Helodinae, 

 whose allies are found in streams etc.; an aquatic Hemipteron (Microvelia), whose 

 congeners run on the surface of terrestrial w'aters; and 2 species of Blattidae, 

 which Shelford considered as probably adapted for an amphibious existence by 

 their having the posterior spiracles situated on the end of tubes which project 

 from beneath the antepenultimate tergite. In the situations where these creatures 

 were found there were no terrestrial waters, so that some (at any rate) of the 

 species, several of which are new and very peculiar, are probably found exclu- 

 sively in the bromeliads: yet the truly aquatic forms do not appear specially 

 modified as compared with their congeners which inhabit terrestrial waters. A 

 comparison is made with the fauna of the Seychelles, where many forms were 

 discovered between the leaf-bases of palms and Fandanus: these included a Dytis- 

 cid (Copelatus) found only in the water between leaf-bases of Pandanus, and a 

 new genus of Blattidae found only in the same Situation. 4 new bromeliadi- 

 coli are described, a Blattid {Homalopteryx scotti, Shelford), the Dytiscid, a Hydro- 

 phiHd, and the Microvelia; and three of these are figured. 



H. Scott (Cambridge j. 



876) Nedelkow, N., Sechster Beitrag zur entomologischen Fauna Bulgariens 

 [Hea^jiKOBi, H., lUecTH upuHoet kimi eHToao.iorHiHaxa (j^ayua Ha JSMrapua. — CnHcaHHe 

 Ha ßTjJirapcKaTa AKHAeMHÄ na Haj-Knii. IvHiira IL IüohI) iipnpoAO-MaxeMaTHieHi, 1]. In: 

 Zeitschr. Bulgar. Akad. Wiss., IL Naturw.-math. Abt. 1, S. 177—218. Sophia 1912. 



