Cruetacea. 387 



Siphonosoma Karmin- und Lackmuslösung, sind aber zugleich phagocytär für feste 

 Körperclien. Wandernde Phagocyten werden in den Darmwandungen [Sinus?], 

 „Analdrüsen" und Polischen Kanälen angetroffen. Excretorische Amöbocyten und 

 Chloi-agogenzellen liefern im normalen Zustande ein Excretionsprodukt in Form 

 von gelben Körpern unbekannter chemischer Natur (sicher nicht Harnsäure). 

 Zahlreiche Pakete von solchen Körnchen bilden braune Massen im Bindegewebe 

 oder in den Polischen Kanälen; einige geraten durch die Wand des Darmes 

 hindurch in dessen Lumen und von hier nach außen; was ins Cölom fällt, wird 

 mit anderen Fremdkörpern durch die Urnen zu umfangreichen „braunen Körpern" 

 agglutiniert, von denen manche von Zeit zu Zeit durch die Nephrostomen auf- 

 genommen und dann ausgeworfen werden. J. W. Spengel (Gießen). 



Hierzu: Nr. 1172, 1178, 1204. 



Crustacea. 



1203) Agar, W.E. (Glasgow, University), The Transmission of Environmen- 

 tal Effects from Parent to offspring in Simocephalus reticlu.<\ In: 

 Phil. Trans. Royal Soc. Vol. B. 203, Nr. 300, S. 319 — 350, 1913. [Summary 

 in: Proc. Royal Soc. Vol. B. 86, Nr. 585, S. 115—116, 1913.] 



The Daphnid Simocephalus may acquire structural features in ontogeny as 

 the result of food, temperature etc. The most marked of these is the rolling back 

 of the valves of the shell when the animal is fed on certain protophyta. Size is 

 also influenced by food and temperature. 



It was found that when a parthenogenetic female showing these acquired 

 characters is removed from the experimental conditions, with mature eggs in the 

 ovary, the young show the parent's abnormality. In later broods from the same 

 parent the abnormality appeared in diminishing degree. The next generation 

 showed very slight abnormality, the third a marked reaction in the opposite di- 

 rection. Over 3U00 specimens were measured in the experiments. It is concluded 

 that the abnormality is due to a substance elaborated by the soma, but capable 

 of passive transmission by the eggs. Gradually the protoplasm produces anti- 

 bodies which give rise to the reaction in the third generation. 



Doncaster (Cambridge). 



1201) Haddon, Kathleen, Herpyllohius arcticus. In: Quart, Journ. Micr. 

 Science (London), Vol. 58, S. 385—410, 1 pl. and 4 textfigs., 1912. 



All that has been written hitherto on the Herpyllodidae has been almost 

 entirely in Danish. Miss Haddon's account is in English and is based on material 

 collected in the North Pacific as well as on the accounts of previous writers. 

 Herpyllohius arcticus, the species described, is attached to a Polychaet worm, Har- 

 inothoe. The female is without appendages and consists of two portions joined 

 by a thin stalk, one portion being inside the body of the worm, the other out- 

 side. The external portion consists of eggs and Spaces representing the gut, while 

 the internal portion is elongated and composed of vacuolated tissue, penetrated 

 by a lacunar system. This internal portion resembles somewhat the root System 

 of the Rhizocephala, absorbing nutriment from the host and carrying it by means 

 of the lacunar system to the external portion. The parasite is usually attached 

 to the head of the worm, and in two specimens the root pierced the cerebral 

 ganglion and lay by the side of the Oesophagus. J. T. Saunders (Cambridge). 



25* 



