VON Ettikgshausen. — Fossil Flora of New Zealand. 297 



single twig, and in a place where they were, like a fascicle, 

 together lying, the twigs having been macerated. Fig. 6 

 shows an enlargement of such a thin twig, with the lanceolate 

 serrse of the sheath on one of the joints. I take these fossils 

 to be remains of a Castiarina-like plant, the more accurate 

 comparison of which with species of this genus could only be 

 undertaken with better-preserved material. 



CUPULIFEK-E. 



Quercus pachyphylla, sp. nov. 



Plate XXXI., figs. S, Sa. 



Q. foliis rigidc coriaceis, breviter pciiolatis , obovato-cUip- 

 ticis, basi angustatis, apic'e rotundato-obtims , margine integer- 

 rimis ; nervatione brochldodroma, nervo j^'iniario valido, recto ; 

 nervis secundarlis sub angulis 55°-65° orientibus, tenuibus, ra- 

 mosis ; nervis tertiariis abbreviatis ; rete microsynammato. 



Locality : Brunner Mine, Grey River (Otago Museum). 



Corresponds on the one hand to Q. dai^hncs, Ung., of the 

 European Tertiary flora, and on the other hand to the oaks 

 of the Australian Tertiary flora, which have v.'hole-edged 

 leather-like leaves, such as Q. icilkinsoni, Q. grcyi, and Q. 

 austini, which have been described in my contributions to 

 that flora. Of the species of oaks now living, Q. virens, Ait., 

 shows the greatest similarity in the construction of the leaf. 

 In fig. 8a an enlargement of the reticulation of the fossil leaf 

 just described is shown. Among the oaks of the Chalk flora, 

 Q. viyrtiUns, Heer, from the Patoot strata, comes nearest to 

 the species described. 



Quercus nelsonica, sp. nov. 



Plate XXXI., fig. 10. 



Q. foliis petiolatis, coriaceis, oblongo-ellipiicis, utrinqac 

 ■paullo angustatis, margine dcntatis, nervatione craspedodroma, 

 nervo yrimario valido, crasso ; nervis secundariis numerosis 

 approximatis, sub angulis 65°-70° orientibus, Icviter arcuatis ; 

 nervis tertiariis obsoletis. 



Locality : Wangapeka, Nelson (Canterbury Museum). 

 [Ex Coll. N.Z. Gool. Surv., 1867 ; Hector.] 



A fossil leaf which, in accordance with its characteristics, as 

 far as these may be recognised, can be best compared with the 

 leaves of a few East Indian species of oaks — namely, Q. lobbii 

 and Q. oxyoden, Miq. — but in these the serrae are standing 

 more forward. Among the fossil oaks, Q. cyri, Ung., from the 

 flora of Sotzka, approaches our species in a remarkable 

 manner, with the only difference that the leaf of the latter is 

 broader and narrows less towards the top. The following may 

 be considered as vicarious species : Q. bcyrichii, m., from the 



