342 Transactions. — Geology. 



but nowhere else, as fai' as my own observations have gone. 

 Flanking these sandstones, and in places found in connection 

 with them, are quartzite rocks with traces of copper, iron, and 

 other metals ; whilst fine bluish compact sandstones and slates 

 — the latter showing true cleavage-planes — make up what 

 may be termed the supplementary range that runs parallel to 

 the main axial range from the Manawatu Gorge to the Whaka- 

 rare Mountains. The slates and sandstones continue to the 

 north as far as the 39th parallel, but I have not seen the sand- 

 stones characteristic of the Euahine Eange beyond Kereru in 

 a northerly direction. 



If we now follow the Tukituki Eiver — v.hich is the most 

 southerly river in the district under notice — from its source 

 to the sea — that is, from west to east — the following rocks 

 will be met with by the way : 1, Compact sandstones (Eua- 

 hine) ; 2, slates ; 3, limestones ; 4, blue fossiliferous clay- 

 marls ; 5, shingle- and pumice-deposits corresponding with the 

 Kidnapper beds; 6, limestone; 7, Euataniwha river-gravels; 

 8, Te Ante limestones ; 9, chalk-marls ; 10, blue clay-marls- 

 (Patangata) ; 11, Kidnapper pumice- and conglomerate-beds. 



Along the northern boundary of the district, beginning in 

 the west — say, at Tarawera, on the Napier-Taupo Eoad — the 

 following rocks are crossed : 1, Pumice-deposits overlying 

 slates ; 2, slates (Maitai) ; 3, limestones and fossiliferous 

 brown clays ; 4, grits and blue clay-marls ; 5, limestone ; 

 6, sands and conglomerates (Pohui beds) ; 7, limestones ; 

 8, blue clay-marls ; 9, limestone (outliers) ; 10, coarse 

 sandstone, with thin bauds of blue clay interbedded. 



Along the eastern boundary — that is, by way of the coast 

 --the exposures are clear and distinct, and the rocks are as 

 follows: 1, Blue clay-marls with iximice-band ; 2, Te Aute 

 limestone (black reef) ; 3, Kidnapper shingle-, pumice-, and 

 conglomerate-beds ; 4, alluvial plain, with shingle-beach, to 

 Napier; 5, Napier limestones, separated by clay-marls; 

 6, shingle-beach to Tongoio, with isolated limestone outliers 

 covered with shingle- and pumice-clays ; 7, limestones and 

 marls, Tongoio to Moaeangiangi ; 8, blue clay-marls, with 

 pumice-bancl ; 9, limestone outliers (Nuhaka) ; 10, coarse 

 sandstones, as in 10 above. 



And this distribution of the rocks, the oldest by the western 

 boundary of the district, and the youngest towards the east, 

 well represents the general slope of the country, or true plane 

 of deniadation, at the present time, seeing that all the rivers 

 run eastward and pour their drainage-waters into Hawke's 

 Bay.^ 



From what has already been stated with regard to the 

 existence of sandstones and of -slates with two cleavage-planes 

 along the western watershed, it will be easily inferred that th e 



