Scott. — Osteology of the Maori and Moriori. 21 



have the foramen complete, or nearly so, the pterygoid plate 

 is very much broader than usual. 



Nasal Bones. — The nasal bones show considerable variety 

 in size and form, even in skulls from the same district ; but in 

 male skulls the bridge of the nose generally seems sunken 

 below the prominent glabella. In a few it is here very 

 narrow, and in three skulls, one nasal bone alone reaches 

 the frontal. The lower part of the nasal bones is usually 

 convex ; and though in a number of skulls they are short, and 

 in a few flat, yet in many the bridge of the nose is high, 

 prominent, and curved. 



Anterior Nares. — In one skull only is this opening quad- 

 rangular. Though it varies considerably in its proportions, it 

 is almost invariably rounded, and much narrower above than 

 below. The lower margin is rounded in 37 per cent., sharp in 

 31 per cent., two-lipped in 20 per cent., and bevelled or sloping 

 gradually to the facial surface of the superior maxilla in 12 

 per cent, of the skulls in which it could be examined. 



Alveolar Arch. — In nearly half the skulls this is of the 

 ordinary parabolic curve. Of the remainder, the great ma- 

 jority are hyperbolic ; while in only from 9 to 10 per cent, is 

 the hypsiloid form of curve present. In none is the curve 

 elliptical. In one, a female from the west coast of Otago, 

 there is an incurving of the premolar and anterior molar 

 region, so that the arch in this part is concave outwards. 



Lower Jaio. — This bone is generally strong and massive. 

 The angle is occasionally sharp and easily localised, but is 

 more frequently rounded, and this rounding is in many bones 

 carried forwards along the undersurface of the body, curving 

 upwards anteriorly towards the chin. Indeed, in some cases 

 the posterior margin of the ramus, the angle, and the lower 

 border of the body form one long continuous curve, whose 

 most dependent part is below the first molar tooth. 



The coronoid height is greater than the condyloid in the 

 great majority of the mandibles examined. In five cases it is 

 less, and in one these two measurements are equal. 



The intergonial diameter exceeds the gonio-symphysral 

 length in every case. 



Teeth. — In very few of the skulls in this series are all the 

 teeth present. The loss has in most cases occurred after 

 death, or in advanced age, but in several adult skulls there are 

 undoubted signs of ante-mortem loss of teeth. These have 

 probably been lost as the result of injury, as in no case have I 

 been able to observe the slightest sign of dental caries. But 

 though I have not seen decayed teeth in these Maori skulls, 

 I have noted in seven the cavities of alveolar abscesses. Six 

 of these cavities are found in the upper jaw, one in the 

 lower ; and most of them have been at the roots of either the 



