26 



Transactions. — Zoology. 



closely. These form the second group. The main differences 

 between these skulls and those I have just described are the 

 higher and more rounded forehead, the less pentagonal norma 

 occipitalis, the less projecting jugal arches, and the smaller 

 orbital openings. By the "smaller orbital openings" I do 

 not mean that the orbital index is lower in these skulls. 

 This is certainly not the case in all. I mean rather that the 

 orbital opening relatively to the rest of the face is smaller in 

 the skulls which compose this group than in those of the first. 

 The more overhanging superciliary ridges do, however, take 

 awav somewhat from the appearance of vertical height. Some 

 of the skulls in this group are also large, one having a 

 capacity of l,650c.c. These crania are of a more Maori type 

 than those in the former group ; but I class them all as 

 Moriori, because I have a clear series of gradations between 

 them and the most typical members of the other group, and 

 also because I have been told by one of the English settlers 

 that in undoubted Moriori burial-places skulls of both types 

 are found. That there should be found among Moriori skulls 

 some which might be regarded as Maori is almost to be ex- 

 pected, as there can be little doubt that both Maori and 

 Moriori are the result of a mingling of the same races — in 

 different proportions perhaps, but still the same. There is, 

 besides, as already noted, a tradition of the early introduction 

 of a pure Maori strain direct from New Zealand ; and, re- 

 membering the nearness of the Chatham Islands to New 

 Zealand, it is difficult to believe that this occurred only once 

 in the long period that elapsed between the settlement and 

 the arrival of Europeans. 



The measurements and indices of these Chatham Island 

 skulls, taken in the way already explained, are given in Ttible 

 III. I give in the table the entire series, but the four skulls 

 which I regard as Maori are placed in a division by themselves 

 at the end. They are numbered 47, 48, 49, 50. 



The short tables included in the text contain, as before^ 

 averages calculated from the figures in the larger table. They 

 deal with adult skulls alone. 



CBANiAii Capacity. 



The average of the male skulls shows them to be mega- 

 cephalic ; the female average is microcephalic ; and both 



