White. — 0)1 the Neiu Zealand Dog. 599 



Tahitian the letter k of the Maori is lost, as picaa, " a pig" ; but 

 it is remarkable that the Maori t is changed to k, as tangata 

 = kanaka, "a man." The ng of Maori = n of Tahitian." In 

 this language jJ2«a« also means cattle. So now I have called 

 your attention to the remarkable fact that in various parts of 

 Polynesia ^Yords originally meaning dog, jyig, and bird are now, 

 owing to the introduction of different kinds of animals by Eu- 

 ropeans, come to mean animal, beast, and cattle. We may 

 ask the question. Did these people, through their ancestors, at 

 a former time know the numerous animals of the Continent of 

 Asia, and, if so, how many generations intervened before these 

 people, living on islands where such quadrupeds were not 

 found, lost all tradition of and the names of once-known ani- 

 mals? And, again, if they never knew of the animals of the 

 mainland, how do they come to possess the dog and pig ? 

 Have they met and mingled with a Negrito race in mid-oceanic 

 islands, which latter race brought forward at different migra- 

 tions at one time the dog and at another the pig ? There is also 

 the question of the domestic fowl, which, originally from India, 

 might be carried forward by a Brahmin migration as far as 

 Java. If so, possibly the dog and pig also came by way of 

 India, and so by way of the Malay Archipelago onward to 

 various islands of the Pacific and to far-away New Zealand. 

 The pig and fowl came to New Zealand by the agency of Euro- 

 peans. As Captain Cook says, " There we landed pigs and 

 fowls which we brought from the islands " ; and Maori tradi- 

 tion claims that they brought a dog, or the dog, in one of their 

 canoes when they sailed from far-away Hawaiki. 



Since Dr. Carroll has proved, by translating certain of the 

 Easter Island inscriptions,! that they are of the same language 

 as those found on the mainland of South America, in Peru, 

 that formerly there w^as traffic between those two places ; and, 

 as we now find Easter Island inhabited by a Polynesian people, 

 sufficient proof is obtained that man had successfully navi- 

 gated the whole breadth of the Pacific between the Malay 

 Archipelago and South America. Whether the Polynesians 

 found any of the people who came from America still there 

 when they took possession of Easter Island we have as yet 

 no evidence ; but it would be highly probable that a dog was 

 brought from Peru and remained on Easter Island. 



On the 21st June, 1764, the Honourable Commodore Byron 

 left the Downs in Her Majesty's ship the " Dolphin," on a voy- 

 age of discovery round the world. At the Faukland, or Falk- 

 land Islands, when Byron's sailors went ashore, no inhabit- 



* The natives of the Sandwich Islands who join European ships as 

 sailors are known as kanakas. 



t " Polynesian Society," vol. i. 



