Chilton. — Dispersal of Marine Crustacea by Means of Ships. 133 



" Terra Nova " had sailed from England down the Atlantic,''|calling at 

 South Trinidad, ofE the coast of South America ; then at Cape Colony, where 

 she stayed some short time ; and then to Hobart and on to Melbourne. 

 From Melbourne she came direct to New Zealand, coming round the south 

 through Foveaux Strait. It is worth while drawing attention to the fact 

 that in this case both male and female specimens were carried together, 

 so that the establishment of the species in any favourable locality to which 

 they might be taken would be quite possible. 



Naturally the Crustacea that are suitable for dispersal by means of ships 

 can also be dispersed by floating logs ; in that case, however, they would 

 follow the tracks of the prevailing currents, while the dispersal caused by 

 ships would be erratic, and could not be understood without some knowledge 

 of the prevailing routes taken by the ships. 



Addendum. 



Since this paper was read before the Philosophical Institute of Canter- 

 bury Mr. T. F. Cheeseman, of the Auckland Museum, has kindly communi- 

 cated to me the following occurrence, which appears to be an example of a 

 somewhat similar nature. 



About two years ago, happening to hear of a curious crustacean in a 

 fishmonger's shop in Auckland, he went to see it, and was surprised to find 

 a freshly caught specimen of Limulus. He was able to secure the specimen 

 for the Museum, and, as the result of inquiries, found that two fishermen 

 had observed the Limulus adhering to the stone facing of the Calliope Dock 

 and had pulled it up with a boat-hook. No vessel had been in the dock, 

 however, for some considerable time. 



It is uncertain, therefore, whether this specimen found its way to Auck- 

 land by adhering to the hull of a vessel or in some other way ; but the 

 occurrence of a live Limulus in New Zealand is certainly noteworthy. Mr. 

 Cheeseman has kindly compared his specimen with the characters given b}' 

 Pocock in his recent revision of the group, and identified it as Carcino- 

 scorpius rotundicauda (Latr.), a species known from the Gulf of Siam, the 

 Moluccas, and the Philippines.* 



References. 



Alcock, A. 1899. " Materials for a Carcinological Fauna of India, No. 4." 

 Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 68. 



1900, "Materials for a Carcinological Fauna of India, No. 6.'" 



L.c, vol. 69. 



Chilton, C. 1909. " Subantarctic Islands of New Zealand," Crustacea. 



pp. 601-71. 

 Fulton, S. W., and Grant, F. E. 1901. " Some Little-known Victorian 



Decapod Crustacea." Proc. Roy. Soc. Victoria, vol. 14 (n.s.). 

 Pocock, R. J. 1902. " Taxonomy of Recent Species of Limulus.'' Ann. 



Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, vol 9, p. 260. 

 Stebbing, T. R. R. 1888. " Report Voyage " Challenger,' " Zool., vol. 29 



(Amphipoda). 



1893. " A History of Crustacea." 



1906. " Das Tierreich Amphipoda," 1 : Gammadidea. 



* A single specimen of Limulus polyphemus was found in the harbour of Copen- 

 hagen in the eighteenth century, having presumably been carried over from Nortli 

 America by a ship to which it clung. (Ray Lankester, Q.J.M.S., vol. 48, p. 229, 1905.) 



