64 ORPEH (OLKOKIKRA. 



Um Lucakipx, Ukiiift the family minu' us UKiial rmm one nf the luokt iin|ir)rUiiit gcnm it 

 oontaiiis : iti this iii>tunr«it is tin- Imcohum (y<ifn<Miii i-)i>ai;HUi<i ititnt iii«frl,an<l rumtiihc<l 

 with Htroiii! uiui |>n>J(rtlnK niiiiniiMo, r.«|>rt ImII) In lli<- iiiii!<!>. 1 hrir anli-iiiw ur«- clliowMi, 

 iin<l Ihr lirnilnnl kimli i* niiiKirui-li <l iinir lh«- fnhliloii of lln- Uvth of a c<jnil>,««r It i*-rlin«lr : 

 they cii-klM "f "'tily tlin-*' li-miliiui lc«-ih, M>tiu«lint M'|>nniliil fn»in « Jich olhfr, hut iu-«r 

 Pti'-iigh t'> r..nio within thi- ii.flnifi"ti .if /«»;ir//irc r.i brttfti {Ht-v I'liilo \IJ, Pp.7, », o). 



Th«' !t«T.»nil «!lvl»i<»n of tin- LAviLnruR^r* cnihrar** all ^h^H^• l^-i-tl** wh<"4» aiit^ODir 

 trrniinuir In U-nvM or Innwllir, cunUtlnR ii«tiiilly of thjw pleovs, whhh foUl (••gvlhcr or 

 lie in onlart like tin- Irjivts •>( n N^.k. This division rf<M-lvf<l the nanieof PHaloecrc from 

 Di'MKRiL : it ronlnint many lns<Tt< which IkIohi^k! to the penus Sorahtut of I.i>yrt-ii. 

 Tlie aiitiiniM- iliff.T fniii tli.»«- of ih«- ins«rts of the Fiiniily LtcAMO^:, inu»miirh ns they 

 arr not ell«»w«tl ; nml the numlx-rof joint;* Is \arinhh-, eiRht, nine or ten. In some pn nps, 

 the mules iin- ninarknlile for llieir ap)>«'n(l»K<s u|Min tin- hrad or thorax, either in the form 

 of horns or jiMtulHTunces. Some of llie largest inMH-ts U-hing to this division. 



The hnhits of the ins*>rt.sof this division are various : S4ime,and prolwldy the minority, 

 fe<«d ujxin refus«' matter, some ujxm excrement, s<mie uj>on leaves, and <»lhers upon flower?. 

 Their larvir ar*' conspleuous for their size : they are of a vofl consistence, of a »hiti^h 

 «x>lor, and funiish««l with stn'mt mandiM)-*. We find ihem in tlie v<-j;etaMe mould, u-'iially 

 ciiih"*!, .ir in derayinu 1<>r«. Tliey have fourteen rinu's. including the head, and the rings or 

 se<^ments are transversely gr"">ved. 



From til'- diversity of char.icter which exists In this great division, it has l>e<'n suUlivideti 

 into ten families. The first is the (JioTRVPin.f: : their maxillary lobes are membranous, Uio 

 mandibles an- p >rnTted, and the elytra cover the nWlomen ( Plate xii, figs. 1, 2, H, f), H). 

 Their aulenn.-p have ten or eleven Joints ; and their IxkHcs are gloK>sc, or thick and more 

 or less n)utided and full. Tlu-ir habit* are j>eculiar : they feed upon excrement, though 

 some an? said to fe<Ml ujvin r<Hits. 



The S<AH \ B.V.I i).v. constitute the s<'cond family of this great divi.sion. They are furnisheil 

 with a shieldlike extension in front, the c/ypms, which extends over the mouth ; and their 

 nntennir are eight- or nine jointeil, with the end terminating in a three-leaved club. The 

 middle legs are in8«>rte<l more widely apart than the others : the jmsti-rlor legs arc far 

 behind ; the scutelluni is not present ; and the elytra are shorten*-*! Iichind, leaving the 

 abdomen exi>oso<l. Tlie claws an- minute, and the anterior tibiir are exi>ande<I and trl- 

 dentate externally, arnie<l with a singli- •ijnir. The in«ects ferd up«in « xcrement, and the 

 greatir pn>j>.'rtion of the family reside in warm climates. They are many of then> l>nll- 

 mllers ; and to air i them in this work, their hindlegs are long ami insi rted far l>ehin«l, 

 which giv«-s them a grotrs<iue api>earanre whi-u walking. They Ily mostly by day. ( Plate 

 xii, figs, r., 7.) 



The third family of Macli-w Is called .\pnoDiin.r. Tliey loo are excrrment-eaters : Ihrjr 

 ape oval and n>unded at the jMKiterlor extremity. In this family we find the minute instead 



