102 SOME SOUTH INDIAN INSECTS, ETC. [CHAP. XI. 



awaj subterranean insects, such as termites, ants and root-feed- 

 ing Aphids, temporarily at any rate, and this will sometimes 

 give crops a chance "t recover) in cases where they would other- 

 wise have been seriously affected. 



Linseed Oil Emulsion is sometimes useful, especially as it is 

 easily prepared from materials readilj obtainable. One pound of 

 hard snap is shaved up into fine sli< es and dissolved in one gallon 

 of boiling soft water, which is then taken oft' the lire and two 

 gallons of raw linseed oil added to the hot solution. I he mixture 

 is then churned up violently by the aid of a bucket sprayer to form 

 a smooth, yellowish, creamy emulsion, from which no free oil should 

 separate out on cooling. Diluted with water to a strength of one 

 part in ten, this emulsion is especially useful for scales and similar 

 insects on the trunks of trees ; it is no1 adapt I for use on foliage. 



Kerosine Emulsion is made in a similar manner to Linseed Oil 

 Emulsion, kerosine being used instead of linseed oil. In both these 

 emulsions, whale-oil so.ip or fish-oil soap ma> he used instead of 

 hard soap and more soap must he used if the water is hard. 



Rosin Compound is especially suitable foi Scalesand Mealy-bugs 

 which are protected by their coverings against the action of non- 

 wetting oily sprays. It is made bj powdering two pounds of 

 common fir-tree rosin and boiling one pound of ordinarj washing 

 soda with one gallon of water : the powdered rosin is added to the 

 boiling solution which is continued to !>'■ boiled, adding small 

 quantities of cold water at intervals, until the liquid (now. about 

 three gallons) becomes clear and thin, like clear coffee. This is 

 diluted to about one part of rosin compound in seven "I water for 

 ordinary spraying, but may be used at a strength oi one in five if 

 required. 



Rosin Wash is onlj useful against young Scales. Aphids and 

 similar soft-bodied small insects. Ten pounds of rosin, and one- 

 and-a-hall pounds oi fish oil are heated with one gallon of water 

 m a 11 iron kettle until the rosin is softened ; three pounds ot Caustic 

 Soda, dissolved in a little water, is then added and stirred tho- 

 roughly, and the mixture diluted with water to make fifty gallons 

 ol spra) ing material. 



olit Acid Emulsion is sometimes useful for Aphids, Soft 

 [i 3 -mA loi use against ants. One pound of whale-oil soap or 

 fish-oil soap is entirelj dissolved in about half a gallon of hot 

 water and one pint of crude carbolic acid is added and the 

 mixture boiled for twenty minutes adding another half-gallon 

 of water in small quantities to prevent boiling over. The stock 

 solution so prepared is diluted with twenty parts ol water for use 

 as a spra ) . 



