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from its host, cause the severe disease aud i)rogressive anaemia ascribed 

 to it iu man, but such has been determiued to be the fact from clinical 

 and 2iost-mortem observations. It may be that there is a reflex, sympa- 

 thetic action stimulated by them of which we can take no account. 

 The further changes observed in patients affected with Bochinius are 

 much the same as in those affected with other parasites, except that 

 aniemia with its attendant effects seems to be the most prominent. 



The disease is one which begins in early lambhood and progressively 

 continues, the severity depending on the number of parasites entering 

 the intestinal canal. The adult probably lasts through the winter and 

 continually lays eggs which pass to the ground. The character of the 

 season, of pasturage, and of the water, in being either favorable or 

 unfavorable to the preservation of the young worms while on the ground, 

 will therefore determine the amount of infection and sickness during 

 the following season. 



The preventive treatment for the intestinal worms is the same as that 

 advised for the lung worms — good care, pure water, plenty of grass, 

 sufficient grain feeding, salt, and separation of sick from the well. For 

 the reason that the disease has not received the attention its impor- 

 tance demands the medicinal treatment has not been worked out with 

 the thoroughness that some of the other parasitic diseases have re- 

 ceived. 



Medical treatment. — In man the most effective remedy is extract of 

 male fern, combined with powdered male fern, the remedy to be pre- 

 ceded five or six hours by a dose of castor oil. This combination is also 

 a good one to administer to dogs iu the following proportions: Extract 

 male fern, 40 grains ; powdered root of male fern, 75 grains. This mass 

 must be made into ten pills with yellow wax, and all given at once. 

 The dose of powder of male-fern root for sheep is from 1^ to 3 ounces, 

 and of the extract from 2 to 4 drams. As boluses are not only incon- 

 venient to give to sheep, and do not pass directly into the fourth 

 stomach, the administration should be b}^ drenching. I should advise 

 that the extract be mixed with from 2 to 4 ounces of castor oil. Other 

 remedies advised for the round worms are wormseed, wormwood, and 

 sautonine. The latter is an alkaloid obtained from a species of Ar- 

 temisia. As the prairie lambs love to eat sage, of which there are a 

 number of species belonging to the genus artemisia, it is likely that 

 these plants may prove beneficial to them through medicinal qualities. 

 In my examinations of Western prairie sheep I do not now recollect hav- 

 ing met with as many round worms as are found in Eastern sheep. The 

 dose of santouine for sheep is from 1 to 3 grains, given in from 2 to 4 

 ounces castor oil. The preparations of tansy, Tanaceium vulgare, have 

 long been used as v^erinicides. The dose of the oil is from 1 to 2 drams, 

 given diluted by adding from 4 to 8 ounces of another oil. The receipt 

 for Spinola's worm cake sufficient for one hundred sheep is : Take of 



