LYC/EXIDyE. 1 1 



The thick blunted 'pupw are usually attached to tlie food-i:)lants of 

 their respective larvae by both the tail aud a silken thread at the 

 middle, but the latter support is not always present (ex. Myrina, 

 lolaus, &c.) ; and some rare cases (as of the European Thcda Querais) 

 are recorded where the chrysalis is simply buried in the ground. I 

 have found the pupa of Zeritis Thyra (Linn.) lying unattached beneath 

 a stone. 



Genus LYCzENA. 



LTjccena, Fab., Illiger's Mag., vi. p. 2S5 (1807), Section 3 [part] ; Herrich- 

 Schaeffer, Sjst. Bearb. Schmett. Europ., i. p. 11 1 (1843); Westw., 

 Gen. Diurn. Lap., ii. p. 488 (1852). 



rohjominatwi, Latreille [part], "Hist. Nat. Crust, et Ins., xiv. p. 116 

 (1805);" and Encyc. Meth., ix. p. 11 (1819). 



Lyccena [part], Trim., Rhop. Afr. Aust., ii. p. 233 (1866). 



Imago. — Head small, usually more or less hairy in front ; eyes hairy 

 or naked (hairy in the majority of South- African species) ; lyeilpi long, 

 compressed, scaly, — second joint densely clothed with long flattened 

 scales, and usually also with bristly hairs, beneath, — terminal joint 

 variable in length, slender, closely scaled, acute, projecting forward 

 obliquely or horizontally ; antennae slender, of moderate length or rather 

 short, with each joint ringed with white at its base, — the club abruptly- 

 formed, rather elongate-ovate, not pointed, flattened and often hollowed 

 beneath, slightly curved. 



Tliorax moderately stout or slender, well clothed with silken down 

 both above and below. Fore-wings rather elongate ; costa nearly straight 

 beyond basal curve ; hind-margin more or less convex, entire ; costal 

 nervure short, ending about or a little before middle ; subcostal nervure 

 almost always four-branched, but sometimes only three-branched (three 

 instances among South- African species), — the first and second ner- 

 vules given off before extremity of discoidal cell, and the first some- 

 times united to costal nervure at about three-fourths of latter's length 

 from base (fourteen instances among South-African species), — third 

 nervule given off about half-way between extremity of cell and apex, — 

 fourth ending at apex ; upper radial nervule united to subcostal ner- 

 vure at extremity of cell, lower to middle meeting point of slender 

 transverse disco-cellular nervules ; lower disco-cellular joining third 

 median nervule at a little beyond latter's origin. Hind-ivings rather 

 elongate, having a very convex hind-margin, but anal-angular portion 

 not prominent (usually much rounded off) ; costa very slightly arched 

 or almost straight beyond basal prominence ; costal nervure ending at 

 apex ; subcostal nervure branched considerably before middle ; discoidal 

 cell short ; disco-cellular nervules very slightly curved outwardly, — 

 radial nervule originating at their middle point of junction ; hind- 

 margin often bearing a short almost linear tail at extremity of first 



