LIBYTH.EIXxE. 3 



some distance, second one very little, before extremity of discoidal 

 cell, — third one short, originating far beyond cell, — fourth near third, 

 also short, terminating at apex ; upper disco-cellular extremely short 

 — in some cases hardly present, — middle one slender, of moderate 

 length, slightly curved, — lower one rather longer, continuous of curve 

 of third, joining third median nervule at a considerable distance beyond 

 origin of latter ; submedian nervure curved upward near base and then 

 more strongly downward ; internal nervure slender, almost straight, its 

 extremity anastomosing with submedian nervure _ just beyond com- 

 mencement of latter's downward curve. Hind-wings : rather large ; 

 costa prominent at base, and usually more or less so just before apex 

 (in the European L. Cdtis exceedingly so in both places) ; hind-margin 

 more or less sinuate-dentate, sometimes with a more prominent denta- 

 tion at extremity of first median nervule, or at extremity of submedian 

 nervure ; inner-margins moderately convex, forming an incomplete, 

 shallow groove ; costal nervure running close to and following curves 

 of costa, ending at apex ; subcostal nervure brandling at a long 

 distance from base ; upper disco-cellular nervule slender, transverse, of 

 moderate length, united to second subcostal nervule at some distance 

 from origin of latter, — lower one extremely slender, or almost obsolete, 

 longer and more oblique than the upper, joining third median nervule 

 just beyond origin of latter ; internal nervure slender, much curved, 

 very short, terminating on inner margin at some distance before middle. 

 Fore-legs of ^ very small, — femur and tibia about equal in length, the 

 latter very densely hairy, — tarsus rather shorter, also densely hairy, not 

 articulated, without ternunal claws ; of ^ much larger and longer, not 

 hairy (except on under side of femur) but scaly, — femur much thicker, 

 — tarsus fully articulated, spiny beneath, and with well-developed ter- 

 minal claws. Middle and hind legs rather thick, densely clothed with 

 scales, — tibia rather shorter than femur, its terminal spurs rather short, 

 — tarsus longer than tibia, strongly spinose beneath, with strongly 

 curved terminal claws. Abdomen slender, short. 



Larva. — Elongate, cylindrical, shortly pubescent ; much resembling 

 that of the Pierina:. 



Pupa. — Rather stout, subaugulated ; median dorsal line ridged, 

 and dorso-thoracic prominence elevated and acute ; head with a single 

 pointed projection curving inferiorly ; wing-covers projecting beyond 

 line of abdomen. Suspended vertically by the tail only. 



(These characters of larva and j^upa are given from figures of those 

 of the European LihijiJiea Ccltis, published by Hiibner, Duponchel, 

 and Boisduval respectively.) 



The extraordinary length of the palpi, which form a most con- 

 spicuous beak-like process in front of the head, readily distinguish the 

 Libytliceince from the rest of the ErycinidcB, and, indeed, from all other 

 butterflies. In robustness of structure, angulated fore-wings, and gene- 

 ral ueuration they approach Eurgtcla and allied genera among the 



