I70 SOUTH-AFRICAN BUTTERFLIES. 



fuscous spot bounded interiorly by a small sliining-wliitisli or silvery 

 spot ; sometimes an indistinct liind-marginal ochreous-yellow spot just 

 above submedian nervure. Under side. — Very pale dull hrou-nish-grey, 

 ivit/i more or less of an ochrey-yclloio tinge ; disco-cellular, disced, and 

 sidnnarginal sjiots pcder (almost udiitisli), with dark edging on both sides, 

 in fore-wing geiiercdly, in himl-vnng more sparsely, seeded with silvery. 

 Fore-wing : three ordinary disco-cellular spots ; discal row of six spots, 

 of wliicli the second is out of line, being before the first and third ; 

 a longitudinal row of three similar much smaller spots not far from 

 costal edge ; submarginal row of spots less distinct, usually only their 

 outer black edging represented by blackish dots ; a good-sized blackish 

 basal mark between median and submedian nervures. Hind-iuiiig : 

 a spot between costal and subcostal nervures near base ; two in dis- 

 coidal cell ; a sub-basal row of four, of which the second is at extremity 

 of cell ; eight spots in irregular discal row, their darker edging usually 

 very indistinct ; submarginal row regular but usually indistinct ; anal- 

 angular black spot better marked than on upper side, and really the 

 outer edging of the last spot of submarginal row. 



$ Slightly pcder ; in fore-wing usually an indistinct lunidate darker 

 marking cd extremity of diseoidal cell. Under side. — Markings generally 

 more defined, especially those of fore-wing, whose black edging is 

 usually well developed. 



Though the unicolorous upper side of this dull-coloured species presents 

 little or no variation except in depth of tint, the under side is very variable, 

 whether as regards the shade of the ground-colour, the distinctness of the 

 markings, or the amount and distribution of the silvery scaling of the spots. 

 The latter feature is best developed in a ^ from Pinetown, and a ,$ and two 

 $ s from the Vaal River, Griqualand West. Three of the (J s I took near 

 Grahamstown have the black interior edges of the discal spots enlarged so as 

 to form three inter-nervular rays as far as median nervure in the fore-wing>. 

 The Transvaal specimens are much paler than those taken in Cape Colony 

 and Natal, the silvery scaling is almost obsolete, and there exists in three of 

 them a small faint ochre-yellow mark on hind-margin just above submedian 

 nervure (which is also very fully indicated on the upper side. The ? de- 

 scribed by Wallengren is evidently of this local variation, in which that sex 

 is considerably larger than elsewhere. The only specimen (a (J ) taken by 

 Colonel Bowker in Basutoland was darker than usual, and the largest of that 

 sex I have seen ; the fore-wings, too, were acuter at the apex than in any other 

 example. 



Wallengren (Ofv. K. Vet.-Akad. Furh., 1875, pp. 86, 87) has made this 

 insect the type of a new genus, viz., Crudaria ; but the characters given do 

 not seem to me to warrant this course, — the only feature of moment being the 

 subcostal nervure of the fore-wings, which is vaguely described as " hira- 

 mosa vel triramosa," and Leroma having really a short third branch of that 

 nervure ending on costa not far from apex. The palpi have the terminal joint 

 long and slender in both sexes, but more so in the female. 



I did not receive any examples of this butterfly until 1869, when two 

 specimens reached me from Natal. ^ In January 1870 the Basutoland ^ above- 



' I had in 1867 seen and described a damaged specimen in the Burchell Collection at 

 the Hopeian Museum, Oxford, but did not at the time identify it with Leroma. 



