GENERAL CROP PESTS 



75 



body (the three thoracic segments) and the hinder portion of 

 the body considerably thickened toward the end. Tlie normal 

 position of typical white grubs is curved, as shown in figure 42, c. 

 They crawl on their sides, not on their backs as is the case with 

 the non-injurious white grub of the June beetle. 



The parents of the injurious or typical white grubs (Lach- 



Fig. 42.— Arcuate May beetle, a. Beetle; b, pupa; c, egg; d. newly- hatched larva; e, 

 mature larva; /, anal segment of same. (Author's illustration, U. S. Dept. Agr.) 



nostcrna spp.) are for the most part large, shining brown beetles, 

 known to every one from their habit of flying into lighted 

 rooms through open windows, in late spring and early summer, 

 buzzing and bumping upon the ceilings and walls and finally 

 falling to the floor. A comparatively small number are yel- 

 lowish, or plum color, and some few are nearly blad'C. 



From April to July, according to climate, these beetles appear, 

 often in great numbers, about our electric lights and upon our 

 fruit and shade trees, their appearance each day beginning al- 

 most uniformly at sundown. They feed voraciously upon the 

 leaves of trees, and bushes such as blackberry, but are especially 

 fond of the foliage of nursery stock and other young trees, 

 particularly oak, chestnut, hickory, maple, and fruit trees, often 

 doing such damage to newly transplanted shade and orchard 

 trees as to result in their complete defoliation and destruction. 

 The beetles fly and feed only at night, and during the day 

 remain perfectly quiet in the vicinity of their feeding places. 

 It has lately been shown conclusively (what was previously in- 



