xxxii First Report on Economic Zoology. 



GKOUP F. 



Animals which concern Man as being destructive to his 

 worked-up Products of Art and Industry, such as [A) his 

 various Works, Buildings and larger Constructions and 

 Habitations ; (B) his Furniture and Books, Drapery and 

 Clothing ; {C) Food and Clothes. 



The numerous animal pests coming in this group do not all confine 

 their attacks to one sub-group only, but they will be dealt with under the 

 •heading of that sub-group in which they occasion most damage. A large 

 number of these pests are cosmopolitan, having been distributed chiefly 

 by artificial agencies {i.e., Corn Weevils, Cockroaches, Rats). Others 

 have a wide distribution from natural agencies, such as ocean currents 

 {Teredo worms). 



Survey of Sub-geoup A of Group F. 



ANIMALS DESTRUCTIVE TO MAN'S BUILDINGS AND LARGER 

 CONSTRUCTIONS AND HABITATIONS. 



Protozoa to Chsefcopoda ... None. 



Craastacea Limnoria terebrans and Zi^/norH?^, and others do damage 



to marine works and shipping. 



Arachnida None. 



Hexapoda Numerous insects destroy the woodwork of bridges, 



telegraph poles, etc., such as Termites or white ants; 



carpenter bees {Xylocoim); death watch beetles (.4; io- 



hiuvi) \ ants (ForTnicidae). 

 Chilopoda and Diplopoda None. 

 MoUusca Teredo worms damage marine works by boring into the 



wood ; Dreisscna by entering water pipes ; Saxicava 



burrow into stone piers. 



Tunicata , None. 



Eishes None. 



Birds Birds do damage and cause annoyance by building in 



chimney stacks (sparrows, storks) and by destroying 



mortar in buildings (pigeons). Woodpeckers damage 



telegraph poles in Germany. 

 Mammals < Burrowing animals may undermine man's buildings and 



habitations (rabbits, rats, mice), and dam-forming 



animals (beavers), by causing floods, may damage 



bridges ; otters, voles, by burrowing, damage canal and 



river banks. 



Survey of Sub-group B. 



ANIMALS INJURIOUS TO FURNITURE, BOOKS, DRAPERY AND 



CLOTHING. 



Protozoa to Crustacea None. 



Arachnida Acari (GZJ/c^p7^a<7Ms) spoil furniture and are obnoxious. 



Hexapoda Termites or white ants; wood-boring beetles (Xylobinm 



and Anobium) ; leaf-cutting bees {Megachile) ; clothes 

 moths {Tilled); Derviestes beetles attack soft goods; 

 cockroaches [Blattidan) attack boots, also Anobium; 



