68 First Report on Economic Zoology. 



The Allied Bud Moth. 

 (Antithesia varier/ana, Hb.) 



Another Tortrix lives in a very similar way to the Bud Moth, 

 namely, Antithesia variegana or A. cynosbatcUa. This moth is 

 about two-thiixls of an inch in width of expanded wings ; the fore 

 wings have the basal two-thirds brownish-black, the apical third is 

 white clouded with grey towards the hind margin ; there are also 

 two or three black spots projecting from the edge of the central band. 

 The moth appears in June, and lays her eggs on the leaf. The larvae 

 are tliick and dark green with black spots ; the head and first 

 segment also being black. They may be found in the early spring 

 on hawthorn and sloe growing in the hedgero'S\'s and also in most 

 apple and pear orchards. The winter is passed, according to Mr, 

 Newstead, much in the same way as the Bud Moth. 



Penthina pruniana, a closely related species, also probably lives 

 in the same way. 



The Pith Moth. 



(Lavema atra, Haw. ; 23utri]pcnella, Zell.) 



Numerous inquiries were made during the past year concerning 

 the larva of a small moth — the Pith Moth {Lavema atra). This 

 attack has been known to fruit-growers and gardeners for a long 

 time. It is noticed every year, but in 1902 it was abnormally 

 abundant, and a vast amount of damage was done by it over Great 

 Britain, The moth is not often seen, and probably but few people 

 are acquainted with it. It occurs over a large area of England 

 up to Newcastle. 



The damage done by the larva? is particularly noticeable in 

 nursery stock. They burrow up the terminal shoots and kill them, 

 the result being deformed and stumpy trees. The attacked shoots 

 flag and then die and turn brown, the dead masses varying from two 

 to four inches in length. These dead shoots may remain some time 

 on the tree, or they may fall to the ground naturally, or be beaten off 

 by heavy rain. The attack may readily be told from that of the Bud 

 Moth by the absence of leaves spun together, and the absence of 

 damaged buds and blossom ; but the whole shoot dies away. Apple 

 trees are chiefly attacked, but reports of its ravaging pears have 

 also been received. The larvte are also found on hawthorn and other 

 wild Eosace.ie. 



Although it is a wide-spread pest, the following localities may be 



