The Banded Pine M^eeznl. 1 1 7 



May and af;ain in August and September. There seems to be one 

 brood only in the year. 



The female beetle lays her eggs singly, dail}^ or at inter\als of 

 a fe^v days, egg-laying lasting ovei- a period of several weeks uj) to 

 two months. The eggs are generally 

 laid just above the root up to as much 

 as six feet above the gr(jund. Egg- 

 laying commences early in April and in 

 ]\Iay and may occur again in the autumn, 

 l)ut usually the females oviposit in the 

 spring. This l)eetle prefers four to eight 

 year old plants, l)ut may attack those 

 of much greater age. The larva^ eat 

 their way between the wood aiul the 

 bark, forming slightly winding passages Fig. 14. 



which inci'ease in size as the larvte Pine cone damasied by I'issodex 



notatug. 



glow. \V hen mature they construct 



o\al filnous cocoons composed of wood filjres in wliich they pupate. 

 The larvie. also live inside pine cones, whicli they turn yellowish- 

 grey. As many as three larva^ may occur in a single cone. Attacked 

 plants may be tohl by small drops of turpentine on the bark and by 

 the premature deatli of the needles. The winter is passed in the 

 l)eetle stage and also in the lar\al and pupal stages. The l)eetles 

 hibernate in the chinks of the l)ark, as near the inner bark as 

 possible, mostly where the root and trunk join, generally abo^-e 

 ground, but sometimes below. 



Peevention and Ti;eatment. 



As there is no doul)t that the Hylohius is often followed by this 

 Pissodes, and that tlie latter does not often occur without the former, 

 steps .should be taken to destroy the Hylohius if it occurs ; then the 

 Fissodes will cease to increase. 



The causes of Hylohius attack are (1) leaving old stumps in the 

 ground and dead felled timljer al)out ; (2) the presence of sickly 

 trees from either (a) bad planting, (]j) unkindly soil, or (c) gi'owing 

 the trees too close together. 



Destruction of all diseased timljer (roots and all) when larva,' and 

 pupa' are in the tree in ^May and June should always jje carefully 

 attended to. 



Laying newly cut stems of ])iue in open parts in April and May 



