APPLE-TREE CATERPILLAR THE WINGED MOTH. 



When first formed it is of a dull while color with the head pale 

 green and a pale brown stripe along the back; but it gradually 

 changes to a darker color, and the shell which remains in the 

 cocoon after the insect has come from it is sometimes black and 

 sometimes chestnut brown irregularly spotted and blotched with 

 black. 



Dr. Harris states that the chrysalis state of this insect lasts 

 from fourteen to seventeen days. The specimen which Abbot 

 bred was twenty-six days in its pupa form. Of nine early ma- 

 tured caterpillars "which I had placed in a box the first 

 formed its cocoon on the morning of June 2d; two others spun 

 themselves up in the afternoon and two others in the evening 

 of the same day, and the remaining four enclosed themselves 

 the following night. The first moth was found in the box on the 

 morning of June 23d, four more were found in the box the fol- 

 lowing morning, three more came out in the course of that day, 

 and the remaining one that night. Three weeks thus appears to 

 be the usual period that these insects repose in their pupa state. 



The winged moths (see plate 3, fig. 3, 4) are of a dull reddish or fox color, 

 different individuals varying in the depth of their coloring, the females (fig. 4) 

 being often paler, approaching to grayish, and the males (fig. 3) often darker, 

 sometimes brown with scarcely any tinge of red. The mark by which this 

 species is most readily distinguished is two straight white stripes which extend 

 obliquely across the fore-wings, parallel to each other and to the hind margin, 

 dividing the wing into three nearly equal portions. The anterior stripe is often 

 slightly broader than the posterior one, especially towards the outer margin 

 of the wing. In some females these stripes are placed nearer to each other; and 

 though commonly parallel, in some instances from the middle of the wing to 

 the outer margin, or even through their entire length they diverge from each 

 other. In the males they are less variable, but the space between them in this 

 sex is frequently pale gray, and there are also numerous gray hairs on the 

 basal portion, and a few towards the apical margin also. The hind wings are 

 of the same color as the anterior ones, but without any pale marks. On their 

 under sides the wings are the same color as above, and commonly a white band 

 extends across both pairs near their middle, that on the fore wings being 

 straight and widened at its outer end, that on the hind wings broader and 

 curved. The fringe on the fore wings has a white alternation near the outer 

 angle and another broader one on the middle; along the inner angle and on the 

 hind wings it is white slightly varied in places with dull reddish. These colors 

 of the fringe are much more distinct in the darker colored varieties of the male. 

 The hairs with which the thorax is densely coated are often grayish. The 

 Stalk of the antenna is dull white and its branches are dark rusty red, some- 

 times with a whitish line on their outer side. The feet are white or yellowish 



