200 APPLE-TREE CATERPILLAR CLEONYMUS PARASITE. 



cidian insects of a deep metallic green and black color, may be 

 found issuing from this orifice, being doubtlessly hatched from 

 small maggots which have subsisted upon the chrysalis. Why 

 the orifice is so much larger than is necessary for their exit I 

 am at a loss to conjecture. These same insects may also be seen 

 at the same time, walking around upon the exterior surface of 

 the nests and the limbs and leaves around it. They appear to 

 pertain to the genus Cleonymus of Latreille, as this genus is re- 

 stricted and defined by Westwood (Synopsis of British Genera, 

 p. 72) and by Brulle (St. Fargeau's Hymenopteres, vol. iv. p. 

 594), and this species may appropriately be named 



The Lackey-moth Cleonymus (C Clisiocampj). The males are about 

 0.09 in length to the tip of the abdomen and of the wings, and the females 0.11. 

 The head and thorax are somewhat rough from numerous minute elevated 

 points giving their surface a shagreened appearance. They vary in color from 

 dull metallic green to black, being the former color commonly in the males, 

 the latter in the females, with the face green in both sexes and sometimes with 

 a golden yellow reflection. The abdomen is smooth and highly polished, black 

 or purplish black, immaculate in the females, in the males with a large pal 

 yellowish spot near the base above and beneath, varying in its size in different 

 individuals, the sutures also being more or less marked with the same color. 

 The antennae are black or dark brown, their long basal joint pale dull yellow, 

 which is also the color of the legs the tips of the feet being black, and in the 

 female the thighs are more or less dusky or brown. The wings appear whitish 

 when closed and carried flat upon the back as they are when the insect is walk- 

 ing. When spread they are hyaline and glassy, their whole surface covered 

 with minute punctures, each bearing a fine short hair. The stigma or short 

 thick branch at the end of the rib-vein is slightly enlarged and triangular at 

 its apex, the angle which is towards the outer margin being prolonged into an 

 acute point, this stigmal branch being hereby curved on its outer and straight 

 on its inner side. The thickened rib-vein is confluent with the outer margin 

 about three times the length of the stigmal branch before giving off this branch. 

 The antennae are eleven jointed, the joints beyond the first compacted and 

 forming an elongated club, the third and fourth joints being much smaller than 

 the others, the third but half the size of the fourth and often difficult to per- 

 ceive. The second joint is longer than the fifth and following ones. The last 

 joint is double the preceding. The male is more slender than the other sex 

 and has the abdomen oval and convex above, its segments faintly marked by 

 slender transverse impressed lines, the fifth segment being longer than the 

 fourth. In the female the abdomen is broader than the thorax and has an 

 ovate form tapering to an acute point. It is flattened above and strongly pro- 

 tuberant in the middle beneath. 



In the old nests of these caterpillars, in August, the larva of 

 a moth, probably of the family Tineim?., is common. It is a slen- 

 der sixteen-footed soft fleshy worm over a third of an inch long> 



